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- Biritch abstract "Biritch (birich, biryuch Russian: бирич, бирюч) in Ancient Rus was a herald, an announcer of the will of a knyaz, sometimes kniaz's deputy in police or diplomatic affairs, or tax collector. A birich travelled to settlements, played bugle or horn in the center of a town square or yard to gather people and read the announcement.The word is thought to be derived from a Turkic word for \"bugler\", \"hornist\" (in modern Turkish: borucu, borazancı). Other hypotheses try to base the meanings on interpretations of the root bir-, meaning \"to take\" in Slavic languages, deriving the meaning \"tax collector\".Birich is mentioned in East Slavic manuscripts since the 10th century and until the end of the 17th century. The Laurentian Codex mentions under the year of 992 that knyaz Vladimir of Kiev, when looking for a volunteer to fight a Pecheneg baghatur have sent a birich in regiments. Later tsars of Muscovy announced various ukases via biriches. Heads of the Church also used biriches to announce their decrees. A birich was supposed to make an announcement in market place, not once but many times, sometimes during several months. Later other administrators (namestniks, voyevodas, etc.) had biriches in their staff, as mentioned in payrolls.The word \"biritch\" is the name of a 19th-century card game. It is said to have originated in Russia, but satisfactory evidence of this has not been discovered. It is considered to be a precursor of contract bridge.".
- Biritch wikiPageID "5081303".
- Biritch wikiPageLength "2043".
- Biritch wikiPageOutDegree "27".
- Biritch wikiPageRevisionID "663334551".
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Baghatur.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Bugle.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Card_game.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Category:19th-century_card_games.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Kievan_Rus.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Category:Obsolete_occupations.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Contract_bridge.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink East_Slavs.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Eastern_Orthodox_Church.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Grand_Duchy_of_Moscow.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Herald.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Horn_(instrument).
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Kievan_Rus.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Knyaz.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Laurentian_Codex.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Manuscript.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Payroll.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Pechenegs.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Town_square.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Tsar.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Turkic_languages.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Turkish_language.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Ukase.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Viceroy.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Vint.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Vladimir_the_Great.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLink Voivode.
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLinkText "Biritch".
- Biritch wikiPageWikiLinkText "biritch".
- Biritch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Efron.
- Biritch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Lang-ru.
- Biritch wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Biritch subject Category:19th-century_card_games.
- Biritch subject Category:Kievan_Rus.
- Biritch subject Category:Obsolete_occupations.
- Biritch type Work.
- Biritch type Occupation.
- Biritch type Source.
- Biritch type Work.
- Biritch comment "Biritch (birich, biryuch Russian: бирич, бирюч) in Ancient Rus was a herald, an announcer of the will of a knyaz, sometimes kniaz's deputy in police or diplomatic affairs, or tax collector. A birich travelled to settlements, played bugle or horn in the center of a town square or yard to gather people and read the announcement.The word is thought to be derived from a Turkic word for \"bugler\", \"hornist\" (in modern Turkish: borucu, borazancı).".
- Biritch label "Biritch".
- Biritch sameAs Q1056894.
- Biritch sameAs Biritch.
- Biritch sameAs Biritch.
- Biritch sameAs Biritch.
- Biritch sameAs m.0d1vyb.
- Biritch sameAs Q1056894.
- Biritch wasDerivedFrom Biritch?oldid=663334551.
- Biritch isPrimaryTopicOf Biritch.