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- Battle_of_Shanghai abstract "The Battle of Shanghai was the first of the twenty-two major engagements fought between the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Republic of China (ROC) and the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) of the Empire of Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War. It was one of the largest and bloodiest battles of the entire war, described by Peter Harmsen as Stalingrad on the Yangtze.Since 1931, China and Japan had been embroiled in incessant, smaller conflicts, often known as \"incidents,\" that saw China lose territories piece by piece. The term \"incident\" was used by the Japanese Imperial High Command to play down the Japanese invasions of China. Although Japan had not formally declared war on China, by August 1937, following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident of July 7 and the ensuing Japanese invasion of North China, a de facto state of war existed between China and Japan.Dogged Chinese resistance at Shanghai was aimed at stalling the rapid Japanese advance, giving much needed time for the Chinese government to move vital industries to the interior, while at the same time attempting to bring sympathetic Western Powers to China's side. During the fierce three-month battle, Chinese and Japanese troops fought in downtown Shanghai, in the outlying towns, and on the beaches of the Yangtze and the Hangzhou Bay, where the Japanese had made amphibious landings.The Chinese soldiers had to rely primarily on small-caliber weapons in their defense of Shanghai, against an overwhelming onslaught of air, naval, and armored striking power from Japan. In the end, Shanghai fell, and China lost a significant portion of its best troops, while also failing to elicit any international intervention. The resistance of Chinese forces, however, surprised the Japanese, who had been indoctrinated with notions of cultural and martial superiority, and dramatically demoralized the Japanese army.The battle can be divided into three stages, and eventually involved nearly one million troops. The first stage lasted from August 13 to August 22, 1937, during which the NRA attempt to eradicate Japanese troop presence in downtown Shanghai. The second stage lasted from August 23 to October 26, 1937, during which the Japanese launched amphibious landings at Jiangsu coast and the two armies fought a Stalingrad-type house-to-house battle, with the Japanese attempting to gain control of the city and the surrounding regions. The last stage, ranging from October 27 to the end of November 1937, involved the retreat of the Chinese army in the face of Japanese flanking maneuvers, and the ensuing combat on the road to China's capital, Nanjing.".
- Battle_of_Shanghai causalties "200,000 killed".
- Battle_of_Shanghai causalties "83,500 injured or missing".
- Battle_of_Shanghai causalties "91 planes".
- Battle_of_Shanghai causalties "Total: 283,500 casualties".
- Battle_of_Shanghai combatant "*Imperial Japanese Army".
- Battle_of_Shanghai combatant "*Imperial Japanese Navy".
- Battle_of_Shanghai combatant "*National Revolutionary Army".
- Battle_of_Shanghai combatant "Empire of Japan".
- Battle_of_Shanghai combatant "Republic of China".
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Chen_Cheng.
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Chiang_Kai-shek.
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Feng_Yuxiang.
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Heisuke_Yanagawa.
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Iwane_Matsui.
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Kiyoshi_Hasegawa_(admiral).
- Battle_of_Shanghai commander Zhang_Zhizhong.
- Battle_of_Shanghai date "1937-08-13".
- Battle_of_Shanghai isPartOfMilitaryConflict Second_Sino-Japanese_War.
- Battle_of_Shanghai place Shanghai.
- Battle_of_Shanghai result "Japanese capture of Shanghai".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "130 naval ships".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "16 tanks".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "24 naval ships".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "250 airplanes".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "3,000 airplanes".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "300 tanks".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "300,000 troops in 8 divisions and 6 brigades,".
- Battle_of_Shanghai strength "700,000 troops in 75 divisions and 9 brigades".
- Battle_of_Shanghai thumbnail Shanghai1937KMT_machine_gun_nest.jpg?width=300.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageExternalLink index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8865:40-immagini-rare-della-battaglia-di-shanghai&catid=25:storia-della-cina&Itemid=84.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageExternalLink index.php?page=guerre.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageExternalLink 0,9171,930944-1,00.html.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageID "504623".
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageLength "70569".
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageOutDegree "248".
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageRevisionID "703841887".
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink 11th_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army).
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink 3rd_Division_(Imperial_Japanese_Army).
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink 88th_Division_(National_Revolutionary_Army).
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_von_Falkenhausen.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Anti-tank_warfare.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Appeasement.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Armour.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Artillery.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Bai_Chongxi.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Baoshan_District,_Shanghai.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battalion.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Beiping–Tianjin.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Dunkirk.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Nanking.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Stalingrad.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Taiyuan.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Wuhan.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Beiping.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Blockade.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Bombardment.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Boycott.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Brussels.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Burma_Road.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:1937_in_China.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:1937_in_Japan.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:20th_century_in_Shanghai.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Articles_containing_video_clips.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Battles_of_the_Second_Sino-Japanese_War.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_1937.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Invasions_by_Japan.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Invasions_of_China.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Republic_of_China_(1912–49).
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Category:Urban_warfare.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Ceasefire.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Chahar_Province.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Chen_Cheng.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Chiang_Kai-shek.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Chongqing.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Communist_Party_of_China.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Counter-offensive.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Defence_in_depth.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Defense_of_Sihang_Warehouse.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Defense_of_the_Great_Wall.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink East_China.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Empire_of_Japan.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Encirclement.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Feng_Yuxiang.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Flamethrower.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink France.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Franklin_D._Roosevelt.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Fumimaro_Konoe.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Gao_Zhihang.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Great_Way_Government.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Great_World.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Great_power.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Gu_Zhutong.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Guangxi_Army.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Hand_grenade.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Hangzhou.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Hangzhou_Bay.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Hankou.
- Battle_of_Shanghai wikiPageWikiLink Hebei.