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- Astern_propulsion abstract "Astern propulsion (as applied to a ship) is a maneuver in which a ship's propelling mechanism is used to develop thrust in a retrograde direction. Astern propulsion does not necessarily imply the ship is moving astern (in reverse); astern propulsion is used to slow a ship by applying a force in the direction of the stern of the ship, instead of the bow. The equivalent concept for an airplane is reverse thrust.In a sailing ship astern propulsion can be achieved by the appropriate manipulation of the sails. In square-rigged ships 'backing the sails', that is, aligning the sails so that the wind impinged on the bow surface, could provide sufficient retrograde thrust to slow or reverse the ship. This maneuver had to be carried out with care as the rigging of masts and yards was principally designed to accept and transmit thrust in the forward direction.In a ship with a gas turbine engine and a variable-pitch propeller, astern thrust is simply a matter of changing the propeller pitch to a negative value. Most other propeller-driven ships will reverse the direction the prop spins. For a paddle wheel ship, reversing the direction of the paddle will provide astern propulsion. Redirecting the thrust of a water jet driven craft, changing the cyclic pitch of a Voith-Schneider propulsor, or rotating an azimuth thruster 180 degrees has the same effect. As the efficiency of traditional rudders is greatly reduced when not located in the propeller wash, only propulsion systems with steerable thrust provide adequate maneuverability during astern operation.A marine vessel is required to signal that she is operating astern propulsion by either blowing three short, easily audible blasts or by flying the Sierra signal flag (white border with one central blue square).Some aircraft are also able to develop astern propulsion. Airships such as the R-100 could reverse the direction of rotation of some engines, so reversing the direction of thrust of the attached propeller. This facility was used to slow down or stop the airship when mooring.Some propeller-driven aircraft using controllable pitch propellers can change the blade pitch sufficiently to provide astern propulsion. This facility is sometimes used to control aircraft speed in steep descents, or to taxi backwards when on the ground. Most jet airliners and some transport aircraft use astern propulsion (more commonly termed 'reverse thrust') to slow down after landing, reducing the load on the wheel brakes and shortening the landing rollout. Helicopters can develop thrust in any direction, including astern.Most mechanically driven land vehicles can develop astern propulsion, although in this case the ability is more usually termed 'reverse'. In land vehicles reverse propulsion is usually achieved through various transmission arrangements.".
- Astern_propulsion thumbnail ICS_Sierra.svg?width=300.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageID "3975875".
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageLength "3606".
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageOutDegree "23".
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageRevisionID "682247967".
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Azimuth_thruster.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Bow_(ship).
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Brake.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Category:Marine_propulsion.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Gas_turbine.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink International_maritime_signal_flags.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Mooring_(watercraft).
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Paddle_wheel.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Propeller.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink R100.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Retrograde_and_prograde_motion.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Reversing_(vehicle_maneuver).
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Rigging.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Stern.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Thrust.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Thrust_reversal.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Transmission_(mechanics).
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Variable-pitch_propeller.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink Voith_Schneider_Propeller.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLink File:ICS_Sierra.svg.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLinkText "Astern propulsion".
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageWikiLinkText "astern propulsion".
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Astern_propulsion wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Astern_propulsion subject Category:Marine_propulsion.
- Astern_propulsion hypernym Maneuver.
- Astern_propulsion type MilitaryConflict.
- Astern_propulsion type Ship.
- Astern_propulsion type Ship.
- Astern_propulsion comment "Astern propulsion (as applied to a ship) is a maneuver in which a ship's propelling mechanism is used to develop thrust in a retrograde direction. Astern propulsion does not necessarily imply the ship is moving astern (in reverse); astern propulsion is used to slow a ship by applying a force in the direction of the stern of the ship, instead of the bow.".
- Astern_propulsion label "Astern propulsion".
- Astern_propulsion sameAs Q4810735.
- Astern_propulsion sameAs m.0b9kq5.
- Astern_propulsion sameAs Q4810735.
- Astern_propulsion wasDerivedFrom Astern_propulsion?oldid=682247967.
- Astern_propulsion depiction ICS_Sierra.svg.
- Astern_propulsion isPrimaryTopicOf Astern_propulsion.