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- Assyria abstract "Assyria, a major Mesopotamian East Semitic kingdom and empire of the Ancient Near East, existed as an independent state from perhaps as early as the 25th century BC, until its collapse between 612 BC and 599 BC, spanning the mid to Early Bronze Age through to the late Iron Age. From the end of the 7th century BC to the mid-7th century AD, it survived as a geo-political entity, for the most part ruled by foreign powers, although a number of small Neo-Assyrian states such as Assur, Adiabene, Osroene, Beth Garmai and Hatra arose at different times during the Parthian and early Sassanid eras, between the mid 2nd century BC and late 3rd century AD, a period which also saw Assyria become a major centre of Syriac Christianity and the birthplace of the Church of the East.Centered on the Upper Tigris river, in northern Mesopotamia (modern northern Iraq, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey and the northwestern fringes of Iran), the Assyrians came to rule powerful empires at several times. Making up a substantial part of the greater Mesopotamian \"cradle of civilization\", which included Sumer, Akkad and much later Babylonia, Assyria was at the height of technological, scientific and cultural achievements for its time. At its peak, the Assyrian empire stretched from Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea to Persia, and from what is now Armenia and Azerbaijan in the Caucasus, to the Arabian Peninsula, Egypt and eastern Libya.Assyria is named for its original capital, the ancient city of Aššur, which dates to c. 2600 BC (located in what is now the Saladin Province of northern Iraq), originally one of a number of Akkadian city states in Mesopotamia. In the 25th and 24th centuries BC, Assyrian kings were pastoral leaders. From the late 24th century BC, the Assyrians became subject to Sargon of Akkad, who united all the Akkadian Semites and Sumerian-speaking peoples of Mesopotamia under the Akkadian Empire, which lasted from c. 2334 BC to 2154 BC. Following the fall of the Akkadian Empire c. 2154 BC, and the short-lived succeeding Neo-Sumerian Empire that ruled southern Assyria but not the north, Assyria regained full independence.The history of Assyria proper is roughly divided into three periods, known as Old Assyrian, Middle Assyrian and Neo-Assyrian. These terms are in wide use in Assyrology and roughly correspond to the early to Middle Bronze Age, Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age, respectively. In the Old Assyrian Empire, Assyria established colonies in Asia Minor and the Levant and, under king Ilushuma, it asserted itself over southern Mesopotamia (what was later to become Babylonia). From the mid 18th century BC, Assyria came into conflict with the newly created city state of Babylon, which eventually eclipsed the far older Sumero-Akkadian states and cities in the south; such as Ur, Isin, Larsa, Kish, Nippur, Eridu, Lagash, Umma, Uruk, Akshak and Adab, incorporating them into a greater Babylonia.Assyria experienced fluctuating fortunes in the Old Assyrian period. Assyria became a regionally powerful nation with the Old Assyrian Empire from the late 21st century to the mid 18th century BC. Following this, it found itself under short periods of Babylonian and Mitanni-Hurrian rule in the 18th and 15th centuries BC respectively, while another period of great power occurred with the rise of the Middle Assyrian Empire (from 1365 BC to 1056 BC), which included the reigns of great kings, such as Ashur-uballit I, Arik-den-ili, Tukulti-Ninurta I and Tiglath-Pileser I. During this period, Assyria overthrew the empire of the Hurri-Mitanni and eclipsed the Hittite Empire, Egyptian Empire, Babylonia, Elam, Canaan and Phrygia in the Near East.Beginning with the campaigns of Adad-nirari II from 911 BC, it again became a great power over the next three centuries, overthrowing the Twenty-fifth dynasty of Egypt and conquering Egypt, Babylonia, Elam, Urartu, Armenia, Media, Persia, Mannea, Gutium, Phoenicia/Canaan, Aramea (Syria), Arabia, Israel, Judah, Edom, Moab, Ammon, Samarra, Cilicia, Cyprus, Chaldea, Nabatea, Commagene, Dilmun, Libya, the Hurrians, Sutu and Neo-Hittites, driving the Ethiopians, Kushites and Nubians from Egypt, subjugating the Cimmerians and Scythians and exacting tribute from Phrygia, Magan and Punt among others.After its fall, Assyria, apart from a patchwork of small independent Assyrian kingdoms extant between the mid-2nd century BC and late 3rd century AD, largely remained a province and geo-political entity under the successive Median Empire, Achaemenid Empire, Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire, Roman Empire and Sassanid Empire until the Arab Islamic invasion and conquest of Mesopotamia in the mid-7th century AD, when as Athura-Assuristan it was finally dissolved, after which the remnants of the Assyrian people (by now almost exclusively Eastern Rite Assyrian Christians) gradually became an ethnic, linguistic, cultural and religious minority in the traditional Assyrian homelands, surviving there to this day as the indigenous people of the region. (see Assyrian continuity).".
- Assyria capital Assur.
- Assyria capital Dur-Sharrukin.
- Assyria capital Harran.
- Assyria capital Nimrud.
- Assyria capital Nineveh.
- Assyria dissolutionYear "-0605".
- Assyria dissolutionYear "-0612".
- Assyria dissolutionYear "-0934".
- Assyria dissolutionYear "-1393".
- Assyria dissolutionYear "-2025".
- Assyria foundingYear "-0911".
- Assyria foundingYear "-1392".
- Assyria foundingYear "-2025".
- Assyria foundingYear "-2600".
- Assyria foundingYear "0025".
- Assyria thumbnail Median_Empire.svg?width=300.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink assyria.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink Parpola-identity_Article%20-Final.pdf.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink books?id=oknsEhcALLEC&printsec=frontcover.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink assyrians-in-arzni.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink DS71xJ39C.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink civilization_of_babylonia_and_assyria.pdf.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink assyria.htm.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink videoplay?docid=-4066140085264233173.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink hist312.htm.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink www.atour.com.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink inourtime_20080515.shtml.
- Assyria wikiPageExternalLink 1-Foreword.html.
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- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink 810s_BC.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink 910s_BC.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink A._Leo_Oppenheim.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Abimelech.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Abuna.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Achaeans_(Homer).
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Achaemenes.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Achaemenid_Assyria.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Achaemenid_Empire.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adab_(city).
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adad.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adad-apla-iddina.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adad-bēl-gabbe.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adad-nirari_I.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adad-nirari_II.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adad-nirari_III.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adamu.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adasi.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adiabene.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adramelech.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Adultery.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Akhenaten.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Akiya.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Akkad_(city).
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Akkadian_Empire.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Akkadian_language.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Akshak.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Al-Anfal.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Al-Hasakah.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Al-Nusra_Front.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Al-Qaeda.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Albania.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_the_Great.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Alisar_Höyük.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amalek.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amar-Sin.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amarna_Period.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amarna_letters.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amenhotep_II.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amkuwa.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ammon.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ammonoidea.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Amorites.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Anatolia.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Church_of_the_East.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Egypt.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Greece.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Near_East.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Semitic_religion.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Iraqi_War.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Anshar.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Antioch.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Anu.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arab_nationalism.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arabian_Peninsula.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arabization.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arabs.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Aradus.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Aram-Damascus.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Aram_(biblical_region).
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Aramaic_language.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arameans.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Araziqu.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arbaces.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Arbela,_Assyria.
- Assyria wikiPageWikiLink Argishti_I_of_Urartu.