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- Albert_Alexander abstract "Reserve Constable Albert Alexander (c. 1897 – 15 March 1941) was the fourth patient to be treated with injections of penicillin.Albert Alexander was a constable in the police force of the County of Oxford, England. In December 1940, Constable Alexander was accidentally scratched by a rose thorn in his mouth. By the end of the month, the scratch was badly infected with both Staphylococcus and Streptococcus and Constable Alexander was hospitalised in the Radcliffe Infirmary. Despite efforts of various treatments, Alexander's head was covered with abscesses and one of his eyes had been removed.Ethel Florey, wife of pharmacologist and medic Dr Howard Walter Florey, and Dr Charles Fletcher brought Constable Alexander's case to Florey's attention.The ability of penicillin to slow/prevent bacterial infection had first been noticed by Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928. Florey, Ernst Boris Chain and Norman Heatley, at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford were working on the medical applications of penicillin, as produced by the mould Penicillium notatum, and attempting to isolate large enough quantities of penicillin from the mould for a human trial.Having tried the extracted penicillin only on mice, Florey and colleagues were fearful of the side effects large doses of penicillin might have. For a human volunteer, they needed a patient who was in a terminal condition and Constable Alexander suited this requirement.On 12 February 1941, Constable Alexander was given an intravenous infusion of 160 mg (200 units) of penicillin. Within 24 hours, Alexander's temperature had dropped, his appetite had returned and the infection had begun to heal. However, due to the instability of penicillin and the war-time restrictions placed on Florey's laboratory, only a small quantity of penicillin had been extracted and, although Florey and colleagues extracted any remaining penicillin from Alexander's urine, by the fifth day they had run out.Constable Alexander died on 15 March 1941.Florey and his team decided to work only on sick children who did not need such large amounts of penicillin, until their methods of production improved.".
- Albert_Alexander birthDate "1873".
- Albert_Alexander birthYear "1873".
- Albert_Alexander deathDate "1941".
- Albert_Alexander deathYear "1941".
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageID "9441960".
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageLength "4280".
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageOutDegree "20".
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageRevisionID "706159844".
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Fleming.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Category:1873_births.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Category:1941_deaths.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Category:British_police_officers.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Oxford.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Constable.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink England.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Ernst_Boris_Chain.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Howard_Florey.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Norman_Heatley.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Oxfordshire.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Patient.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Penicillin.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Penicillium_chrysogenum.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Radcliffe_Infirmary.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Staphylococcus.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Streptococcus.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink Thorns,_spines,_and_prickles.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLink University_of_Oxford.
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageWikiLinkText "Albert Alexander".
- Albert_Alexander dateOfBirth "1873".
- Albert_Alexander dateOfDeath "1941".
- Albert_Alexander name "Alexander, Albert".
- Albert_Alexander shortDescription "British police officer".
- Albert_Alexander wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Persondata.
- Albert_Alexander description "British police officer".
- Albert_Alexander description "British police officer".
- Albert_Alexander subject Category:1873_births.
- Albert_Alexander subject Category:1941_deaths.
- Albert_Alexander subject Category:British_police_officers.
- Albert_Alexander subject Category:People_from_Oxford.
- Albert_Alexander hypernym Patient.
- Albert_Alexander type Agent.
- Albert_Alexander type Person.
- Albert_Alexander type Person.
- Albert_Alexander type Agent.
- Albert_Alexander type NaturalPerson.
- Albert_Alexander type Thing.
- Albert_Alexander type Q215627.
- Albert_Alexander type Q5.
- Albert_Alexander type Person.
- Albert_Alexander comment "Reserve Constable Albert Alexander (c. 1897 – 15 March 1941) was the fourth patient to be treated with injections of penicillin.Albert Alexander was a constable in the police force of the County of Oxford, England. In December 1940, Constable Alexander was accidentally scratched by a rose thorn in his mouth. By the end of the month, the scratch was badly infected with both Staphylococcus and Streptococcus and Constable Alexander was hospitalised in the Radcliffe Infirmary.".
- Albert_Alexander label "Albert Alexander".
- Albert_Alexander sameAs Q4709620.
- Albert_Alexander sameAs Albert_Alexander.
- Albert_Alexander sameAs m.0288_jq.
- Albert_Alexander sameAs Q4709620.
- Albert_Alexander wasDerivedFrom Albert_Alexander?oldid=706159844.
- Albert_Alexander givenName "Albert".
- Albert_Alexander isPrimaryTopicOf Albert_Alexander.
- Albert_Alexander name "Albert Alexander".
- Albert_Alexander name "Alexander, Albert".
- Albert_Alexander surname "Alexander".