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- Actor–observer_asymmetry abstract "Actor–observer asymmetry (also actor–observer bias) explains the errors that one makes when forming attributions about the behavior of others (Jones & Nisbett, 1971). When people judge their own behavior, and they are the actor, they are more likely to attribute their actions to the particular situation than to a generalization about their personality. Yet when an observer is explaining the behavior of another person (the actor), they are more likely to attribute this behavior to the actors’ overall disposition rather than to situational factors. This frequent error shows the bias that people hold in their evaluations of behavior (Miller & Norman, 1975). Because people are better acquainted with the situational (external) factors affecting their own decisions, they are more likely to see their own behavior as affected by the social situation they are in. However, because the situational effects of anothers' behavior are less accessible to the observer, observers see the actor's behavior as influenced more by the actor's overall personality. The actor-observer asymmetry is a component of the ultimate attribution error.This term falls under \"attribution\" or \"attribution theory\". The specific hypothesis of an actor-observer asymmetry in attribution (explanations of behavior) was originally proposed by Jones and Nisbett (1971), when they claimed that \"actors tend to attribute the causes of their behavior to stimuli inherent in the situation, while observers tend to attribute behavior to stable dispositions of the actor” (p. 93). Supported by initial evidence, the hypothesis was long held as firmly established, describing a robust and pervasive phenomenon of social cognition.However, a meta-analysis of all the published tests of the hypothesis between 1971 and 2004 (Malle, 2006) yielded a contradictory finding: there was no actor-observer asymmetry of the sort Jones and Nisbett (1971) had proposed. Malle (2006) interpreted this result not so much as proof that actors and observers explained behavior exactly the same way but as evidence that the original hypothesis was fundamentally flawed in the way it framed people's explanations of behavior—namely, as attributions to either stable dispositions or to the situation. Against the background of a different theory of explanation, Malle, Knobe, and Nelson (2007) tested an alternative set of three actor-observer asymmetries and found consistent support for all of them. Thus, the actor-observer asymmetry does not exist in one theoretical formulation (traditional attribution theory) but does exist in the new alternative theoretical formulation. Malle (2011) argues that this favors the alternative theoretical formulation, but current textbooks have not yet fully addressed this theoretical challenge.Considerations of actor-observer differences can be found in other disciplines as well, such as philosophy (e.g. privileged access, incorrigibility), management studies, artificial intelligence, semiotics, anthropology, and political science (see Malle, Knobe, & Nelson, 2007, for relevant references).".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageID "510995".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageLength "25068".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageOutDegree "33".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageRevisionID "706102914".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Action_theory_(philosophy).
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Attribution_(psychology).
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Bias.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Category:Bias.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cognitive_biases.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Category:Social_psychology.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Cognition.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Collectivism.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Edward_E._Jones.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Fritz_Heider.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Fundamental_attribution_error.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Incorrigibility.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Individualism.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Lee_Ross.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink List_of_cognitive_biases.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Meta-analysis.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Nisbett.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Privileged_access.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Publication_bias.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Richard_E._Nisbett.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Self-serving_bias.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Social_cognition.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Social_psychology.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLink Ultimate_attribution_error.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLinkText "Actor–observer asymmetry".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLinkText "actor-observer asymmetry".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageWikiLinkText "actor-observer bias".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cleanup_rewrite.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:More_footnotes.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Multiple_issues.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Portal.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry subject Category:Bias.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry subject Category:Cognitive_biases.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry subject Category:Social_psychology.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry type Redirect.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry type Science.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry comment "Actor–observer asymmetry (also actor–observer bias) explains the errors that one makes when forming attributions about the behavior of others (Jones & Nisbett, 1971). When people judge their own behavior, and they are the actor, they are more likely to attribute their actions to the particular situation than to a generalization about their personality.".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry label "Actor–observer asymmetry".
- Actor–observer_asymmetry sameAs Q4677753.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry sameAs سوگیری_بازیگر-مشاهدهگر.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry sameAs הטיית_הצופה_המשתתף.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry sameAs 행위자-관찰자_편향.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry sameAs m.025tc3j.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry sameAs Q4677753.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry wasDerivedFrom Actor–observer_asymmetry?oldid=706102914.
- Actor–observer_asymmetry isPrimaryTopicOf Actor–observer_asymmetry.