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- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania abstract "The 1938 Constitution of Romania was the fundamental law of Romania from the time of its adoption until 1940. It formed the legal basis for the royal dictatorship of King Carol II.Carol engineered a self-coup on February 10 and seized emergency powers. Soon afterward university professor Istrate Micescu began working on a new constitution, based on suggestions from the King. Micescu's draft was made public on February 20. Four days later, voters were obliged to appear before their local election bureaus and vote verbally (“yes” or “no”) on the charter. Of 4,303,064 who voted, 4,297,581 (99.87%) approved with only 5,483 (0.13%) voting against; silence was deemed to be approval. The constitution was promulgated on February 27 and published in Monitorul Oficial the next day.The document, comprising eight titles and 100 articles, effectively codified Carol's emergency powers, turning his reign into a legal dictatorship. It abandoned the principle of separation of powers in favour of royal supremacy. The rights and freedoms codified in the 1923 Constitution were also swept away, at least in practice, by provisions that banned \"revolutionary propaganda.\" The King exercised legislative power through a corporatist Parliament, and exercised executive power through a government that he appointed and dismissed without parliamentary involvement. He could dissolve Parliament at any time and rule by decree, and was the sole person empowered to amend the Constitution.As with the 1923 Constitution, Parliament was bicameral. The lower house, the Assembly of Deputies, was to be elected every six years and composed of members of the following professional categories: agriculture and manual labour; industry and commerce; intellectual occupations. Deputies were elected in single-member districts, by secret and compulsory ballot; districts were drawn so as to assure adequate representation based on voters’ professions. The upper house, the Senate, was composed of members appointed by the King, members by right and members elected in single districts (in the same manner as Assembly members). The proportion of appointed and elected members was equal, while senators by right had to meet the same conditions as set out in the 1923 Constitution. Appointed and elected senators had nine-year terms, while one-third of senators’ terms were renewed every three years. In December, the National Renaissance Front was formed as the only legally permitted party.King Carol suspended the constitution on September 5, 1940 and parliament was dissolved. Through a decree signed that day, titled “For the investment with full powers of the president of the Council of Ministers and the restriction of royal prerogatives”, the king transferred his authoritarian powers to General Ion Antonescu, who did not convene a parliament and ruled the country by decree until he was ousted on August 23, 1944. After this date, a constitutional and transitional regime was established until a Constituent Assembly could meet to draft a new constitution, until which time the provisions of the 1866 and 1923 constitutions were applied. On July 15, 1946, the Petru Groza government issued a decree that bore a constitutional character; this document abolished the Senate and established a unicameral system (the Assembly of Deputies) and granted universal suffrage to all citizens over 21, including women. On December 30, 1947, after King Michael’s forced abdication, Parliament adopted a constitutional law that proclaimed the Romanian People’s Republic and abrogated “the Constitution of 1866 as modified on 29 March 1923 and 1 September 1944”. Until the 1948 Constitution was adopted, legislative power was in the hands of the Assembly of Deputies that met following the 1946 elections, while the executive was composed of a five-member presidium elected by the Assembly: Constantin Ion Parhon, Mihail Sadoveanu, Ştefan Voitec, Ion Niculi and Gheorghe Stere.".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania thumbnail Regele_Carol_II_si_constitutia_din_1938.jpg?width=300.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageExternalLink const1938.htm.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageID "17080461".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageLength "5492".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageOutDegree "35".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageRevisionID "697721294".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink 1866_Constitution_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink 1923_Constitution_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink 1948_Constitution_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Bicameralism.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Carol_II_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Category:1938_in_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Category:1938_in_law.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Category:Constitutions_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Category:Defunct_constitutions.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Category:Greater_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Constantin_Ion_Parhon.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Constituent_assembly.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Corporatism.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Gheorghe_Stere.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Ion_Antonescu.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Ion_Niculi.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Istrate_Micescu.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink King_Michaels_Coup.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Michael_I_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Mihail_Sadoveanu.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Monitorul_Oficial.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink National_Renaissance_Front.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Parliament_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Petru_Groza.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Romanian_constitutional_referendum,_1938.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Romanian_general_election,_1946.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Self-coup.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Separation_of_powers.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Socialist_Republic_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Unicameralism.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink Ștefan_Voitec.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLink File:Regele_Carol_II_si_constitutia_din_1938.jpg.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "1938 Constitution of Romania".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "1938 Constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "1938 constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "1938".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "Constitution from 1938".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "Constitution of 1938".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "Constitution of Romania".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "Constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "February 1938 successor".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "a new constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "a severely authoritarian/corporatist document".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "authoritarian Constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "authoritarian constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "authoritarian regime".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "new authoritarian Constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "new constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "repressive constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageWikiLinkText "royal dictatorship".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania dateCreated "1938-02-20".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania dateRatified "1938-02-27".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania documentName "Constitution of Romania".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania purpose "Replace the 1923 Constitution".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania signers Carol_II_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_document.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:RomanianConstitutions.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania writer Istrate_Micescu.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania subject Category:1938_in_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania subject Category:1938_in_law.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania subject Category:Constitutions_of_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania subject Category:Defunct_constitutions.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania subject Category:Greater_Romania.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania hypernym Law.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania type Agent.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania type Entity.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania comment "The 1938 Constitution of Romania was the fundamental law of Romania from the time of its adoption until 1940. It formed the legal basis for the royal dictatorship of King Carol II.Carol engineered a self-coup on February 10 and seized emergency powers. Soon afterward university professor Istrate Micescu began working on a new constitution, based on suggestions from the King. Micescu's draft was made public on February 20.".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania label "1938 Constitution of Romania".
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania sameAs Q4564250.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania sameAs Constitución_rumana_de_1938.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania sameAs חוקת_רומניה_1938.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania sameAs m.0417l1s.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania sameAs Constituția_României_din_1938.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania sameAs Q4564250.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania wasDerivedFrom 1938_Constitution_of_Romania?oldid=697721294.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania depiction Regele_Carol_II_si_constitutia_din_1938.jpg.
- 1938_Constitution_of_Romania isPrimaryTopicOf 1938_Constitution_of_Romania.