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- 1280s abstract "The 1280s is the decade starting January 1, 1280 and ending December 31, 1289.Europe in the 1280s was marked by naval warfare on the Mediterranean and consolidation of power by the major states. Ongoing struggles over the control of Sicily provoked lengthy naval warfare: after the Sicilian Vespers rebellion, the French Angevins struggled against Aragon for control of the island. King Rudolph I of Germany established the Habsburg dynasty in Austria when he invested his two sons with power there. In England, King Edward I of England completed the conquest of Wales and annexed the territory via the Statute of Rhuddlan; he also constructed a series of castles in Wales to suppress any future rebellions. Edward I also established several important legal traditions, including a court system to hear claims on the king's behalf and a codification of the separation of church and state legal powers. The death of King Alexander III of Scotland fomented political wrangling in Scotland which would soon lead to increased English influence over Scotland. In Sweden, King Magnus I of Sweden founded a Swedish nobility.In Asia, the Mongols continued to expand their territories, although at a slower pace and with less success than in previous decades. Kublai Khan's Yuan Dynasty established control over the Khmer Empire in Cambodia, the Pagan Empire in Myanmar, and a kingdom of Laos, but failed a second attempted invasion of Japan and was twice defeated in attempted invasions of Vietnam. The Thai kingdoms of Lanna and Sukhothai also exercised power in the region, avoiding conflict with the Yuan Dynasty to the north. Across the continent in the Middle East, the Mamluk sultanate of Egypt continued to extinguish crusader states under the leadership of Qalawun, capturing Margat, Latakia, and the County of Tripoli. In Anatolia, Osman I became a local chief, or bey, planting the seed that would eventually grow into the Ottoman Empire.The 1280s was also a busy decade in culture. In Thailand, King Ramkhamhaeng the Great invented the Thai alphabet. In the Netherlands, the St. Lucia's flood killed 50,000 while creating the Zuider Zee, thus giving Amsterdam the sea access it would later need to rise to prominence as an important port. In legal reforms, King Edward I of England started the use of drawing and quartering as punishment for traitors, King Philip IV of France created the gabelle, an onerous tax on salt, and the Scots Parliament passed laws allowing women to propose marriage to men, but only in leap years. The northern branch of the Grand Canal of China was constructed during the first half of the decade, the Uppsala Cathedral was begun, and a partial collapse set back construction of the Cathédrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais in a blow to the aspirations of its Gothic architecture. Colleges at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge were founded. The cities of Al Mansurah, Egypt and Guiyang, China were founded, while Hamburg, Germany burnt to the ground in a catastrophic fire. Jews continued to be persecuted across Europe, while Taoists suffered under Kublai Khan's Yuan Dynasty in China.".
- 1280s wikiPageID "36445".
- 1280s wikiPageLength "21333".
- 1280s wikiPageOutDegree "341".
- 1280s wikiPageRevisionID "677809448".
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Abaqa_Khan.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Acre,_Israel.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Al-Mansur_Qalawun.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Albert_I_of_Germany.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Albertus_Magnus.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_III_of_Scotland.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Alfonso_III_of_Aragon.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Alfonso_X_of_Castile.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Altar_of_St._James.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Amsterdam.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Anatolia.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Anjou.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Arabs.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Aragon.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_Canterbury.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Arghun.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Asen_dynasty.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Backgammon.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Bagan.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Barcelona.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Kōan.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Malta.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Meloria_(1284).
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Pagan.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Worringen.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Beauvais_Cathedral.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Belarus.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Belgrade.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Bey.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Bologna.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Bulgaria.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Byzantine_Empire.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Bạch_Đằng.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Caernarfon_Castle.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Cambodia.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Cantigas_de_Santa_Maria.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Capetian_House_of_Anjou.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Capital_punishment.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Category:1280s.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Church.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Catholicon_(book).
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Cavalry.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Charles_II_of_Naples.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Charles_I_of_Naples.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Chess.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Circumspecte_Agatis.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink City-state.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Coin.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Coins_of_the_pound_sterling.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Cologne.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Conquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Constantinople.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Conwy_Castle.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Tripoli.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Coup_dxc3xa9tat.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Crusader_states.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Crusades.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Cumans.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Dafydd_ap_Gruffydd.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Dao_Zheng.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink De_Re_Militari.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink De_donis_conditionalibus.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Despotate_of_Epirus.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Dice.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Domesday_Book.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Ducat.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Limburg.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Styria.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Edward_II_of_England.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Edward_I_of_England.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Egypt.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink England_and_Wales.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Excommunication.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Franciscan.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_the_Fair.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Gabelle_of_salt.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Gascony.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Genoa.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Gersonides.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Glasgow.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Glasgow_Bridge,_Glasgow.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Gold.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Gothic_architecture.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Government_monopoly.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Grand_Canal_(China).
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Guelders.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Guiyang.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Hamburg.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Hanged,_drawn_and_quartered.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Hariphunchai.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Harlech_Castle.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Havelok_the_Dane.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Hertford_College,_Oxford.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink High_treason.
- 1280s wikiPageWikiLink Holy_Roman_Empire.