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- Överkalix_study abstract "The Överkalix study (Swedish: Överkalixstudien) was a study conducted on the physiological effects of various environmental factors on transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. The study was conducted utilizing historical records, including harvests and food prices, in Överkalix, a small isolated municipality in northeast Sweden. The study was of 303 probands, 164 men and 139 women, born in 1890, 1905, or 1920, and their 1,818 children and grandchildren. 44 were still alive in 1995 when mortality follow-up stopped. Mortality risk ratios (RR) on children and grandchildren were determined based on available food supply, as indicated by historical data.Among the sex-specific effects noted; a greater body mass index (BMI) at 9 years in sons, but not daughters, of fathers who began smoking early. The paternal grandfather's food supply was only linked to the mortality RR of grandsons and not granddaughters. The paternal grandmother's food supply was only associated with the granddaughters' mortality risk ratio. When the grandmother had a good food supply was associated with a twofold higher mortality (RR). This transgenerational inheritance was observed with exposure during the slow growth period (SGP). The SGP is the time before the start of puberty, when environmental factors have a larger impact on the body. The ancestors' SGP in this study, was set between the ages of 9-12 for boys and 8–10 years for girls. This occurred in the SGP of both grandparents, or during the gestation period/infant life of the grandmothers, but not during either grandparent's puberty. The father's poor food supply and the mother's good food supply were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular death.Only the female probands experienced a twofold higher mortality RR when the paternal grandmother had good food availability during her SGP, compared to the mortality risk of those whose paternal grandmothers had poor food supply during the SGP. Using the same data, another investigation highlighted that a sharp change in food availability in paternal grandmothers' resulted in an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in granddaughters adults' life. Such an effect was not observed in other grandparents. The grandparents were considered exposed if they experienced drastic change in their early life ranging from embryo to 13 years old. Sex-specific effects can be due to parental imprinting a process that results in allele-specific differences in transcription, DNA methylation, and DNA replication timing. Imprinting is an important process in human development, and its deregulation can cause certain defined disease states of other imprinted human disease loci. The establishment of parental imprints occurs during gametogenesis as homologous DNA passes through sperm or egg; subsequently during embryogenesis and into adulthood, alleles of imprinted genes are maintained in two \"conformational\"/epigenetic states: paternal or maternal. Thus, genomic imprints template their own replication, are heritable, can be identified by molecular analysis, and serve as markers of the parental origin of genomic regions. The estimation of percentage of human genes subject to parental imprinting is approximately one to two percent, currently parental imprinting has been identified in fewer than 100 distinct named genes.".
- Överkalix_study thumbnail Överkalix_kommun.png?width=300.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageID "26796464".
- Överkalix_study wikiPageLength "5069".
- Överkalix_study wikiPageOutDegree "29".
- Överkalix_study wikiPageRevisionID "677294234".
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Allele.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Body_mass_index.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Category:Environmental_research.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Category:Genetics.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Circulatory_system.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink DNA.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink DNA_methylation.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Dutch_famine_of_1944.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Egg_cell.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Embryogenesis.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Food_security.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Gametogenesis.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Gestation.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Harvest.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Homology_(biology).
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Maternal_bond.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Mortality_rate.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Municipality.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Paternal_bond.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Proband.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Puberty.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Replication_timing.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Slow_growth_period.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Sperm.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Sweden.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Transgenerational_epigenetic_inheritance.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink Överkalix.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLink File:Överkalix_kommun.png.
- Överkalix_study wikiPageWikiLinkText "Överkalix study".
- Överkalix_study wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Lang-sv.
- Överkalix_study subject Category:Environmental_research.
- Överkalix_study subject Category:Genetics.
- Överkalix_study hypernym Study.
- Överkalix_study type Book.
- Överkalix_study type Diacritic.
- Överkalix_study type Redirect.
- Överkalix_study comment "The Överkalix study (Swedish: Överkalixstudien) was a study conducted on the physiological effects of various environmental factors on transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. The study was conducted utilizing historical records, including harvests and food prices, in Överkalix, a small isolated municipality in northeast Sweden. The study was of 303 probands, 164 men and 139 women, born in 1890, 1905, or 1920, and their 1,818 children and grandchildren.".
- Överkalix_study label "Överkalix study".
- Överkalix_study sameAs Q8079092.
- Överkalix_study sameAs m.0bm9w7m.
- Överkalix_study sameAs Q8079092.
- Överkalix_study wasDerivedFrom Överkalix_study?oldid=677294234.
- Överkalix_study depiction Överkalix_kommun.png.
- Överkalix_study isPrimaryTopicOf Överkalix_study.