Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9> ?p ?o }
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- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 chapter "Haiti: Historical Setting § François Duvalier, 1957–71".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 chapter "Haiti: National Security § The Duvalier Era, 1957–86".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 chapterUrl 288.
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 chapterUrl 464.
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 date "2001".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 edition "3.0".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 editorFirst "Helen Chapin".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 editorLast "Metz".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 first "Anne".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 first "Jean".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 isCitedBy François_Duvalier.
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 isbn "978-0-8444-1044-9".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 issn "1057-5294".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 last "Greene".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 last "Tartter".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 lccn "2001023524".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 location "Washington, D.C.".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 mode "cs1".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 oclc "46321054".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 others "Research completed December 1999".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 page "464".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 pages "288–289".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 publisher "Federal Research Division, Library of Congress".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 quote "Although referred to as a militia, the VSN in fact became the Duvaliers’ front-line security force. As of early 1986, the organization included more than 9,000 members and an informal circle of thousands more. The VSN acted as a political cadre, secret police, and instrument of terror. It played a crucial political role for the regime, countering the influence of the armed forces, historically the regime’s primary source of power. The VSN gained its deadly reputation in part because members received no salary, although they took orders from the Presidential Palace. They made their living, instead, through extortion and petty crime. Rural members of the VSN, who wore blue denim uniforms, had received some training from the army, while the plainclothes members, identified by their trademark dark glasses, served as Haiti’s criminal investigation force.".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 quote "President Duvalier reigned supreme for fourteen years. Even in Haiti, where dictators had been the norm, François Duvalier gave new meaning to the term. Duvalier and his henchmen killed between 30,000 and 60,000 Haitians. The victims were not only political opponents, but women, whole families, whole towns. . . . In April 1963, when an army officer suspected of trying to kidnap two of Duvalier’s children took refuge in the Dominican chancery, Duvalier ordered the Presidential Guard to occupy the building. The Dominicans were incensed; President Juan Bosch Gaviño ordered troops to the border and threatened to invade. However, the Dominican commanders were reluctant to enter Haiti, and Bosch was obliged to turn to the to settle the matter.".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 series "Country Studies".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 title "Dominican Republic and Haiti".
- books?vid=ISBN978-0-8444-1044-9 url dominicanrepubli00metz.