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- Vichy_France abstract "Vichy France, (also known as Nazi France) officially the French State (État français), was the government of Marshal Philippe Pétain's regime 1940–44, during World War II. It was based in the small city of Vichy, but Paris remained the official capital. From 1940 to 1942, while nominally the government of France as a whole, Vichy only fully controlled the unoccupied zone in southern France, while Germany occupied northern France. Following the Allied landings in French North Africa on 8 November 1942, southern France was also occupied by the Axis on 11 November 1942 through the enactment of Case Anton. The Vichy regime remained in existence, but was reduced to a puppet government.After being appointed Premier of France by President Albert Lebrun, Marshal Pétain ordered his men to sign the Second Armistice at Compiègne on 22 June 1940 with Germany. He then established an authoritarian regime by gaining full powers on 10 July 1940 to replace the French Third Republic that was dissolving due to the fall of France earlier in 1940.The newly formed French State maintained nominal sovereignty over the whole of French territory as defined by the armistice, per standard international law, and full sovereignty only in the unoccupied southern zone libre ("free zone"). It had limited authority in the northern zones under military occupation. The occupation was to be a provisional state of affairs pending the conclusion of the war, which at the time appeared imminent, and presented advantages such as keeping the French Navy and the colonial empire, and avoiding full occupation of the country, thus maintaining a meaningful degree of independence and neutrality.Germany kept two million French soldiers in Germany as forced labourers to enforce its terms, which included a drastic reduction of the French army and air force, a heavy tribute, and numerous other economically and militarily favourable conditions for the Axis. Vichy authorities were brought in to round up Jews and other "undesirables" such as communists and political refugees. Much of the French public initially supported the new government despite its undemocratic and pro-Axis policies, often seeing it as necessary to maintain a degree of French autonomy and territorial integrity. In November 1942 however, the zone libre was also occupied, leading to the disbandment or scuttling of what remained of Vichy military forces and ending any semblance of independence, with Germany now closely supervising all French officials.The greater part of the overseas French colonies were originally under Vichy control, but it lost one after another to Charles de Gaulle's Free France by the time of the invasion of North Africa. Public opinion turned against the Vichy regime and the occupying German forces over time and resistance to them increased. Following the Allied invasion of France in June 1944 and the subsequent Liberation of France in summer 1944, the Free French Provisional Government of the French Republic (GPRF) succeeded Vichy as France's government. Led by de Gaulle under a "national unanimity" cabinet uniting the many factions of the French Resistance, the GPRF re-established a provisional French Republic thus restoring continuity with the Third Republic. Most of the Vichy regime's leaders fled or were put on trial by the GPRF, and a number were executed for treason in legal purges (épuration légale). Thousands of collaborators were summarily executed by local Resistance forces in so-called "savage purges" (épuration sauvage).The last Vichy exiles were captured in the Sigmaringen enclave by the French 1st Armoured Division in April 1945. Pétain was sentenced to death for treason, but this was commuted to life imprisonment. Only four senior Vichy officials were tried for crimes against humanity, although many more had participated in the deportation of Jews for extermination in Nazi concentration camps, abuses of prisoners and severe acts against members of the Resistance.".
- Vichy_France thumbnail Flag_of_France.svg?width=300.
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- Vichy_France wikiPageID "20599016".
- Vichy_France wikiPageRevisionID "645786523".
- Vichy_France capital "Parisa".
- Vichy_France capital "Vichy".
- Vichy_France capitalExile "Sigmaringen (1944–45)".
- Vichy_France commonLanguages "French".
- Vichy_France commonName "France".
- Vichy_France continent "Europe".
- Vichy_France conventionalLongName "French State".
- Vichy_France country "France".
- Vichy_France currency French_franc.
- Vichy_France dateEvent "1942-11-08".
- Vichy_France dateEvent "1942-11-11".
- Vichy_France dateEvent "1945-04-22".
- Vichy_France dateEvent "summer 1944".
- Vichy_France datePre "1940-06-22".
- Vichy_France dateStart "--07-10".
- Vichy_France deputy "Philippe Pétain".
- Vichy_France deputy "Pierre Laval".
- Vichy_France empire Nazi_Germany.
- Vichy_France era "World War II".
- Vichy_France event Free_France.
- Vichy_France event Operation_Torch.
- Vichy_France event "Case Anton".
- Vichy_France event "capture of the Sigmaringen enclave".
- Vichy_France eventPre Armistice_of_22_June_1940.
- Vichy_France eventStart "Pétain given full powers".
- Vichy_France flag "Flag of France".
- Vichy_France flagP "Flag of France.svg".
- Vichy_France flagS "Flag of Free France 1940-1944.svg".
- Vichy_France flagType "Flag".
- Vichy_France footnoteA "Paris remained the formal capital of the French State, though the Vichy regime never operated from it.".
- Vichy_France footnoteB "Although the French Republic's institutions were officially maintained, the word "Republic" never occurred in any official document of the Vichy government.".
- Vichy_France governmentType Authoritarianism.
- Vichy_France hasPhotoCollection Vichy_France.
- Vichy_France imageCoat "Coat of Arms of the French State.svg".
- Vichy_France imageFlag "Flag of France.svg".
- Vichy_France imageMap "French State 1942.svg".
- Vichy_France imageMap "Vichy france map.png".
- Vichy_France imageMap2Alt "The gradual loss of all Vichy territory to Free France and the Axis. Click on map for color legend".
- Vichy_France imageMap2Caption "The gradual loss of all Vichy territory to Free France and the Axis powers. Legend.".
- Vichy_France imageMapCaption "The French State in 1942: * * *".
- Vichy_France leader "Philippe Pétain".
- Vichy_France legislature National_Assembly_(France).
- Vichy_France nationalAnthem "La Marseillaise".
- Vichy_France nationalAnthem "Marshal, we are here!".
- Vichy_France nationalAnthem "Maréchal, nous voilà!".
- Vichy_France nationalAnthem "The Song of Marseille".
- Vichy_France nationalMotto ""Travail, Famille, Patrie"".
- Vichy_France nationalMotto "("Work, Family, Fatherland")".
- Vichy_France nativeName "État français".
- Vichy_France p "French Third Republic".
- Vichy_France region "Western Europe".
- Vichy_France religion Catholic_Church.
- Vichy_France s "Provisional Government of the French Republic".
- Vichy_France status "Puppet government of Germany".
- Vichy_France symbol "Emblem of the French State".
- Vichy_France symbolType "Chief of State".
- Vichy_France symbolType "Emblem of the".
- Vichy_France titleDeputy List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_France.
- Vichy_France titleLeader List_of_Presidents_of_France.
- Vichy_France width "265".
- Vichy_France yearDeputy "1940".
- Vichy_France yearDeputy "1942".
- Vichy_France yearEnd "1944".
- Vichy_France yearExileEnd "1945".
- Vichy_France yearExileStart "1944".
- Vichy_France yearLeader "1940".
- Vichy_France yearStart "1940".
- Vichy_France subject Category:1940_establishments_in_France.