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- Alan_Turing abstract "Alan Mathison Turing, OBE, FRS (/ˈtjʊərɪŋ/ TEWR-ing; 23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was a British pioneering computer scientist, mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, mathematical biologist, and marathon and ultra distance runner. He was highly influential in the development of computer science, providing a formalisation of the concepts of "algorithm" and "computation" with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general purpose computer. Turing is widely considered to be the father of theoretical computer science and artificial intelligence.During the Second World War, Turing worked for the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Britain's codebreaking centre. For a time he led Hut 8, the section responsible for German naval cryptanalysis. He devised a number of techniques for breaking German ciphers, including improvements to the pre-war Polish bombe method, an electromechanical machine that could find settings for the Enigma machine. Turing's pivotal role in cracking intercepted coded messages enabled the Allies to defeat the Nazis in many crucial engagements, including the Battle of the Atlantic; it has been estimated that the work at Bletchley Park shortened the war in Europe by as many as two to four years.After the war, he worked at the National Physical Laboratory, where he designed the ACE, among the first designs for a stored-program computer. In 1948 Turing joined Max Newman's Computing Laboratory at Manchester University, where he helped develop the Manchester computers and became interested in mathematical biology. He wrote a paper on the chemical basis of morphogenesis, and predicted oscillating chemical reactions such as the Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, first observed in the 1960s.Turing was prosecuted in 1952 for homosexual acts, when such behaviour was still criminalised in the UK. He accepted treatment with oestrogen injections (chemical castration) as an alternative to prison. Turing died in 1954, 16 days before his 42nd birthday, from cyanide poisoning. An inquest determined his death a suicide, but it has since been noted that the known evidence is equally consistent with accidental poisoning. In 2009, following an Internet campaign, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown made an official public apology on behalf of the British government for "the appalling way he was treated". Queen Elizabeth II granted him a posthumous pardon in 2013.".
- Alan_Turing almaMater King's_College,_Cambridge.
- Alan_Turing almaMater Princeton_University.
- Alan_Turing almaMater Sherborne_School.
- Alan_Turing award Order_of_the_British_Empire.
- Alan_Turing award Royal_Society.
- Alan_Turing award Smith's_Prize.
- Alan_Turing birthDate "1912-06-23".
- Alan_Turing birthName "Alan Mathison Turing".
- Alan_Turing birthPlace London.
- Alan_Turing birthPlace Maida_Vale.
- Alan_Turing birthPlace Paddington.
- Alan_Turing birthYear "1912".
- Alan_Turing deathDate "1954-06-07".
- Alan_Turing deathPlace Manchester.
- Alan_Turing deathPlace Wilmslow.
- Alan_Turing deathYear "1954".
- Alan_Turing doctoralAdvisor Alonzo_Church.
- Alan_Turing doctoralStudent Robin_Gandy.
- Alan_Turing field Biology.
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- Alan_Turing field Cryptanalysis.
- Alan_Turing field Mathematics.
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- Alan_Turing residence Wilmslow.
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- Alan_Turing wikiPageExternalLink www.turing.org.uk.
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- Alan_Turing wikiPageExternalLink www.turingcentenary.eu.
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- Alan_Turing almaMater King's_College,_Cambridge.
- Alan_Turing almaMater Princeton_University.
- Alan_Turing almaMater Sherborne_School.
- Alan_Turing birthName "Alan Mathison Turing".
- Alan_Turing birthPlace "Maida Vale, London, England".
- Alan_Turing caption "Turing in 1951, three years before his death".
- Alan_Turing dateOfBirth "1912-06-23".
- Alan_Turing dateOfDeath "1954-06-07".
- Alan_Turing deathDate "1954-06-07".
- Alan_Turing deathPlace "Wilmslow, Cheshire, England".
- Alan_Turing doctoralAdvisor Alonzo_Church.
- Alan_Turing doctoralStudents Robin_Gandy.
- Alan_Turing field Biology.
- Alan_Turing field Computer_science.
- Alan_Turing field Cryptanalysis.
- Alan_Turing field Mathematics.
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- Alan_Turing knownFor Cryptanalysis_of_the_Enigma.
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- Alan_Turing lccn "n/83/171546".
- Alan_Turing name "(OBE, FRS)".
- Alan_Turing name "Alan Turing".
- Alan_Turing name "Turing, Alan Mathison".
- Alan_Turing nationality "British".
- Alan_Turing placeOfBirth "Paddington, London, England".
- Alan_Turing placeOfDeath "Manchester, England".
- Alan_Turing prizes "* Smith's Prize * OBE * FRS".
- Alan_Turing residence "Wilmslow, Cheshire, England".
- Alan_Turing shortDescription "Computer scientist, mathematician, and cryptographer".
- Alan_Turing thesisTitle "Systems of Logic based on Ordinals".
- Alan_Turing thesisUrl 301792588.
- Alan_Turing thesisYear "1938".
- Alan_Turing title "Alan Mathison Turing".
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- Alan_Turing wordnet_type synset-scientist-noun-1.
- Alan_Turing workInstitutions Government_Communications_Headquarters.
- Alan_Turing workInstitutions National_Physical_Laboratory_(United_Kingdom).
- Alan_Turing workInstitutions University_of_Cambridge.
