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- Walter_of_the_Mill abstract "Walter of the Mill (fl. 1160–1191), Italianised as Gualtiero Offamiglio or Offamilio and Latinised as Ophamilius (subsequently Anglicised as Ophamil or Offamil), was the archdeacon of Cefalù, dean of Agrigento, and archbishop of Palermo (1168–1191), called il primo ministro. He was long thought to be an Englishman who came to Sicily with Peter of Blois and Stephen du Perche at the direction of Rotrou, Archbishop of Rouen, cousin of Queen Margaret of Navarre, originally as a tutor to the royal children of William I of Sicily and Margaret. 'Of the Mill' is actually an incorrect translation, 'ophamilius' referred to Walter being part of William II's 'familiares regis' or from the Latin protofamiliaris, meaning "first confidante [of the king]". His mother was Bona, a patron of the Abbey of Cluny and a devota et fidelis nostra of the king in 1172. His father is unknown. Walter's first appearance in the historical record is at court as the Latin tutor of the children of William I in 1160. He rose through the ranks until he was a canon of the Cappella Palatina and a candidate for the vacant archiepiscopal throne of 1168, after the deposition of Stephen du Perche. According to Hugo Falcandus, Walter succeeded "less by election than by violent intrusion." Nevertheless, without the support of the queen regent or of the influential Thomas Becket, his faction bribed Pope Alexander III into confirming his election and he was consecrated in the Cathedral of Palermo on 28 September. He received distinctly double-edged congratulations from Peter of Blois, who refers in a letter to his "humble birth". Walter was a constant companion of the court of William II, whose tutor he had been. He accompanied William to Taranto to await his Byzantine bride and, failing that, he crowned Joanna, daughter of Henry II of England, as queen consort on 13 February 1177. In 1174, the first fruits of a plan of the king and the vice-chancellor, Matthew of Ajello, began to flower. The pope issued the first of a short series of bulls favouring the cause of creating a new archdiocese in Sicily, centred on the Benedictine Cluniac abbey of Monreale, a recent foundation of William's. The abbot of said abbey would automatically be consecrated archbishop by any prelate of the realm approved of the king. The tradition of the Hagia Kyriaka, the chapel of the old Greek Orthodox metropolitans of Sicily, on the grounds of Monreale greatly strengthened the king's cause in an era when tradition was so valued. The archbishop of Palermo was greatly diminished in power by the consecration of the first archbishop of Monreale, in the spring of 1176. Walter began the construction of a new cathedral in Palermo at this time, to counter the effects of the beautiful Monreale, the new mausoleum of the Hauteville dynasty. On William's death in 1189, Walter fought vainly against the archbishop of Monreale over the body of the king. In 1184, Walter gave his support to the marriage of Constance, daughter of Roger II, with Henry, son of Frederick Barbarossa. He was one of the only ones. At the request of Pope Clement III, he had to crown Tancred of Lecce king in his cathedral in early January 1190. He died of natural causes early in 1191 and was buried in his rebuilt cathedral. Besides the cathedral, reworked so many times over the centuries, Walter left as architectural nods to his patronage of the arts the chapels of Santa Cristina and Santo Spirito. The latter is the "church of the Vespers," the church in front of which the first insult and the first murder of the Sicilian Vespers took place in 1282. Richard of S. Germano called him and Matthew "the two firmest columns of the Kingdom." Modern historiography has been less kind. John Julius Norwich calls him "the most baleful influence on the kingdom," because "there is no evidence of his having taken a single constructive step to improve the Sicilian position or to advance Sicilian fortunes." He has been reckoned a leader of the feudatories against which all Sicilian kings fought for their royal prerogatives and, by Ferdinand Chalandon, as an imperialist who supported Henry in order to stand opposed to the inevitable civil war. In literature, Walter, on the basis of his supposed English birth, was credited as the author of a Latin rudiments by John Bale in the 1550s. Léopold Hervieux identified Walter with the Anglo-Norman author Gualterus Anglicus. He went so far as to suggest that Gualterus' (Walter's) Latin versifications of Aesop's fables were intended to instruct and entertain the young William II.".
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageExternalLink ricsgermano.doc.
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- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageRevisionID "668398422".
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Abbey_of_Cluny.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Aesops_Fables.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Aesops_fables.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Agrigento.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Norman.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_Monreale.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_Palermo.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Archdeacon.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Benedictine.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Cappella_Palatina.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Category:1191_deaths.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Category:12th-century_Roman_Catholic_archbishops.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Category:Anglo-Normans.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Category:Roman_Catholic_archbishops_of_Palermo.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Category:Year_of_birth_unknown.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Cathedral_of_Palermo.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Cefalù.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Cluniac.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Cluniac_Reforms.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Cluny_Abbey.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Constance,_Queen_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Constance_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Dean_(Christianity).
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Dean_(religion).
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Ferdinand_Chalandon.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Floruit.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_Barbarossa.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Greek_Orthodox.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Greek_Orthodox_Church.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Gualterus_Anglicus.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Hauteville_dynasty.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Hauteville_family.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Henry_II_of_England.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Hugo_Falcandus.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Joan_of_England,_Queen_consort_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Joan_of_England,_Queen_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink John_Bale.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink John_Julius_Norwich.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Latinised_names.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Léopold_Hervieux.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Margaret_of_Navarre.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Matthew_of_Ajello.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Monreale.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Order_of_Saint_Benedict.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Palermo_Cathedral.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Papal_bull.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Peter_of_Blois.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Pope_Alexander_III.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Pope_Clement_III.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Queen_regent.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Regent.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Richard_of_S._Germano.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Richard_of_San_Germano.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Roger_II.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Roger_II_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Monreale.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Palermo.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Rotrou,_Archbishop_of_Rouen.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Rotrou_(archbishop_of_Rouen).
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Sicilian_Vespers.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Stephen_du_Perche.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Tancred,_King_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Tancred_of_Lecce.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Taranto.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink Thomas_Becket.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink William_II_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLink William_I_of_Sicily.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageWikiLinkText "Walter of the Mill".
- Walter_of_the_Mill hasPhotoCollection Walter_of_the_Mill.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Walter_of_the_Mill subject Category:1191_deaths.
- Walter_of_the_Mill subject Category:12th-century_Roman_Catholic_archbishops.
- Walter_of_the_Mill subject Category:Anglo-Normans.
- Walter_of_the_Mill subject Category:Roman_Catholic_archbishops_of_Palermo.
- Walter_of_the_Mill subject Category:Year_of_birth_unknown.
- Walter_of_the_Mill hypernym Archdeacon.
- Walter_of_the_Mill type Cleric.
- Walter_of_the_Mill type Norman.
- Walter_of_the_Mill type Thing.
- Walter_of_the_Mill comment "Walter of the Mill (fl. 1160–1191), Italianised as Gualtiero Offamiglio or Offamilio and Latinised as Ophamilius (subsequently Anglicised as Ophamil or Offamil), was the archdeacon of Cefalù, dean of Agrigento, and archbishop of Palermo (1168–1191), called il primo ministro.".
- Walter_of_the_Mill label "Walter of the Mill".
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Walter_von_Palermo.
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Gautier_Ophamil.
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Gualtiero_(arcivescovo).
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Gualterus_Ophamil.
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs m.0cz3cl.
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Милль,_Уолтер.
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Q922249.
- Walter_of_the_Mill sameAs Q922249.
- Walter_of_the_Mill wasDerivedFrom Walter_of_the_Mill?oldid=668398422.