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- User_innovation abstract "User innovation refers to innovation by intermediate users (e.g. user firms) or consumer users (individual end-users or user communities), rather than by suppliers (producers or manufacturers).Eric von Hippel and others observed that many products and services are actually developed or at least refined, by users, at the site of implementation and use. These ideas are then moved back into the supply network. This is because products are developed to meet the widest possible need; when individual users face problems that the majority of consumers do not, they have no choice but to develop their own modifications to existing products, or entirely new products, to solve their issues. Often, user innovators will share their ideas with manufacturers in hopes of having them produce the product, a process called free revealing.Based on research on the evolution of Internet technologies and open source software Ilkka Tuomi (Tuomi 2002) further highlighted the point that users are fundamentally social. User innovation, therefore, is also socially and socio-technically distributed innovation. According to Tuomi, key uses are often unintended uses invented by user communities that reinterpret and reinvent the meaning of emerging technological opportunities.The existence of user innovation, for example, by users of industrial robots, rather than the manufacturers of robots (Fleck 1988) is a core part of the argument against the Linear Innovation Model (Williams 1996) i.e. innovation comes from research and development, is then marketed and 'diffuses' to end-users. Instead innovation is a non-linear process involving innovations at all stagesIn 1986 Eric von Hippel introduced the lead user method that can be used to systematically learn about user innovation in order to apply it in new product development. In 2007 another specific type of user innovator, the 'creative consumer' was introduced. These are consumers who adapt, modify, ortransform a proprietary offering as opposed to creating completely new products.User innovation has a number of degrees: innovation of use, innovation in services, innovation in configuration of technologies, and finally the innovation of novel technologies themselves. While most user innovation is concentrated in use and configuration of existing products and technologies, and is a normal part of long term innovation, new technologies that are easier for end-users to change and innovate with, and new channels of communication are making it much easier for user innovation to occur and have an impact.Recent research has focused on Web-based forums that facilitate user (or customer) innovation - referred to as virtual customer environment, these forums help companies partner with their customers in various phases of product development as well as in other value creation activities. For example, Threadless, a T-shirt manufacturing company, relies on the contribution of online community members in the design process. The community includes a group of volunteer designers who submit designs and vote on the designs of others. In addition to free exposure, designers are provided monetary incentives including a $2,500 base award as well as a percentage of T-shirt sales. These incentives allow Threadless to encourage continual user contribution".
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink how-to-profit-from-a-better-virtual-customer-environment.
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink books.htm.
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink ?ci=9780199256983.
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink innovation.html.
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink usercontribution.intuit.com.
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink article.jsp?ml_action=get-article&articleID=R0810C&ml_issueid=BR0810&ml_subscriber=true&pageNumber=1&_requestid=300861.
- User_innovation wikiPageExternalLink culture-innovation.
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- User_innovation wikiPageRevisionID "677058629".
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Amateur_professionalism.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Business.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Innovation.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Science_and_technology_studies.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Category:Technological_change.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Communities.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Community.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Consumer.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Creative_Commons.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Creative_commons.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Creativity_techniques.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Crowdsourcing.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Domestication_theory.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink End-user.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink End_user.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Eric_von_Hippel.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Firm.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Ilkka_Tuomi.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Innovation.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Lead_user.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink List_of_emerging_technologies.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink MIT_Sloan_Management_Review.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Manufacturers.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Manufacturing.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink New_product_development.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Open_Design.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Open_design.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Participatory_design.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Professional_amateurs.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Science,_technology_and_society.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Science_and_technology_studies.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Social_Shaping_of_Technology.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Social_shaping_of_technology.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Threadless.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Toolkits_for_User_Innovation.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLink Virtual_customer_environment.
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLinkText "User innovation".
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLinkText "Users".
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLinkText "end-user innovation".
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLinkText "user innovation".
- User_innovation wikiPageWikiLinkText "user-driven innovation".
- User_innovation hasPhotoCollection User_innovation.
- User_innovation wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation.
- User_innovation wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_style.
- User_innovation wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Harv.
- User_innovation subject Category:Innovation.
- User_innovation subject Category:Science_and_technology_studies.
- User_innovation subject Category:Technological_change.
- User_innovation type Work.
- User_innovation type Work.
- User_innovation comment "User innovation refers to innovation by intermediate users (e.g. user firms) or consumer users (individual end-users or user communities), rather than by suppliers (producers or manufacturers).Eric von Hippel and others observed that many products and services are actually developed or at least refined, by users, at the site of implementation and use. These ideas are then moved back into the supply network.".
- User_innovation label "User innovation".
- User_innovation sameAs ユーザーイノベーション.
- User_innovation sameAs m.06yt96.
- User_innovation sameAs Q7901846.
- User_innovation sameAs Q7901846.
- User_innovation sameAs 用户创新.
- User_innovation wasDerivedFrom User_innovation?oldid=677058629.
- User_innovation isPrimaryTopicOf User_innovation.