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- Union_of_Utrecht abstract "The Union of Utrecht (Dutch: Unie van Utrecht) was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Twelve Years' Truce in 1609.The treaty was signed on 23 January by Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht (but not all of Utrecht) and the province (but not the city) of Groningen. The treaty was a reaction of the Protestant provinces to the 1579 Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht), in which the southern provinces declared their support for Roman Catholic Spain.During the following months of 1579, other states signed the treaty as well, such as Ghent, cities from Friesland, as well as three of the quarters of Guelders. In the summer of 1579, Amersfoort from the province of Utrecht also joined, together with Ypres, Antwerp, Breda and Brussels. In February 1580, Lier, Bruges and the surrounding area also signed the Union. The city of Groningen shifted in favor under influence of the stadtholder for Friesland, George van Rennenberg, and also signed the treaty. Later on, Zutphen also signed so Guelders (of which Zutphen is one of the quarters) supported the Union completely. This happened in April 1580, as did the signing of Overijssel and Drenthe.This leads to a general and simplified overview of the parts that joined: the County of Holland the County of Zeeland the Lordship of Utrecht the Duchy of Guelders the Lordship of Groningen the Lordship of Friesland the County of Drenthe the Lordship of Overijssel the Duchy of Brabant the County of Flanders the cities of Tournai and ValenciennesFlanders was almost entirely conquered by the Spanish troops, as was half of Brabant. The United Provinces still recognized Spanish rule after the Union of Utrecht. However, the Union contributed to the deterioration in the relationship between the provinces and their lord, and in 1581 the United Provinces declared their independence of the king in the Act of Abjuration.The Twelve Years' Truce of 1609 essentially marked the end of the Dutch struggle for independence and a pause in one of history's longest running conflicts, the Eighty Years' War. As Pieter Geyl puts it, the truce marked "an astonishing victory for the Dutch." They gave up no land and did not agree to halt their attacks on Spanish colonies and the Spanish trade empire. In return the Spanish granted the United Provinces de facto independence by describing them as "Free lands, provinces and states against who they make no claim" for the duration of the truce.".
- Union_of_Utrecht thumbnail Map_Union_of_Arras_and_Utrecht_1579-en.svg?width=300.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageExternalLink books?id=K4pJAAAAMAAJ.
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- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageRevisionID "680693217".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Act_of_Abjuration.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Amersfoort.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Antwerp.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Breda.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Breda_(Netherlands).
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Bruges.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Brussels.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:1579_establishments.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:1579_in_Europe.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:1579_in_law.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:16th-century_treaties.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:16th_century_in_the_Habsburg_Netherlands.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:Eighty_Years_War.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:Former_polities_in_the_Netherlands.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Antwerp.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Brussels.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Utrecht_(city).
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:Political_charters.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Category:Treaties_of_Flanders.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Church.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Drenthe.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Flanders.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Holland.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink County_of_Zeeland.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Drenthe.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Brabant.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Guelders.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Dutch_Republic.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Eighty_Years_War.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Friesland.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink George_de_Lalaing.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink George_van_Rennenberg.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Ghent.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Groningen.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Groningen_(city).
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Guelders.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Habsburg_Spain.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lier,_Belgium.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink List_of_treaties.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lordship_of_Friesland.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lordship_of_Frisia.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lordship_of_Groningen.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lordship_of_Overijssel.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lordship_of_Utrecht.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Lucy_Maynard_Salmon.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Netherlands.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Ommelanden.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Overijssel.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Protestantism.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Stadtholder.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Tournai.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Twelve_Years_Truce.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Union_of_Arras.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Utrecht.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Utrecht_(city).
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Utrecht_(province).
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Valenciennes.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Ypres.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink Zutphen.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLink File:Map_Union_of_Arras_and_Utrecht_1579-en.svg.
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "Unie van Utrecht".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "Union of Utrecht".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "Union-of-Utrecht".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "United Provinces".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "Utrecht Union".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "general union".
- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageWikiLinkText "treaty of Utrecht".
- Union_of_Utrecht hasPhotoCollection Union_of_Utrecht.
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- Union_of_Utrecht wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:More_footnotes.
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- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:1579_establishments.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:1579_in_Europe.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:1579_in_law.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:16th-century_treaties.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:16th_century_in_the_Habsburg_Netherlands.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:Eighty_Years_War.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:Former_polities_in_the_Netherlands.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:History_of_Antwerp.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:History_of_Brussels.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:History_of_Utrecht_(city).
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:Political_charters.
- Union_of_Utrecht subject Category:Treaties_of_Flanders.
- Union_of_Utrecht hypernym Treaty.
- Union_of_Utrecht type Article.
- Union_of_Utrecht type Document.
- Union_of_Utrecht type Organisation.
- Union_of_Utrecht type Work.