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- Tinguiririca_fauna abstract "The fossil Tinguiririca fauna, entombed in volcanic mudflows and ash layers at the onset of the Oligocene, about 33-31.5 million years ago, represents a unique snapshot of the history of South America's endemic fauna, which was extinguished when the former island continent was joined to North America by the rising Isthmus of Panama. The fossil-bearing sedimentary layers of the Abanico Formation were first discovered in the valley of the Tinguiririca River, high in the Andes of central Chile.The endemic fauna bridges a massive gap in the history of those mammals that were unique to South America. Paleontologists knew the earlier sloth and anteater forebears of 40 mya, but no fossils from this previously poorly sampled transitional age had been seen. Fossils of the Tinguiririca fauna include the chinchilla-like earliest rodents discovered in South America, a wide range of the hoofed herbivores called notoungulates, a shrew-like marsupial and ancestors of today's sloth and armadillos. Many of the herbivores have teeth adapted to grass-eating; though no plant fossils have been recovered, the high-crowned hypsodont teeth, protected by tough enamel well below the gumline, identifies grazers suited to a gritty diet. "The proportion of hypsodont taxa relative to other dental types generally increases with the amount of open habitat," John Flynn explained in Scientific American (May 2007) "and the Tinguiririca level of hysodonty surpasses even that observed for mammals living in modern, open habitats such as the Great Plains of North America." Statistical analyses of the number of species categorized by body size ("cenogram" analysis, an aspect of body size scaling) and of their broad ecological niches ("macroniche" analysis) bears out the existence of dry grasslands. Previously, no grassland ecosystem anywhere had been identified prior to Miocene systems fifteen million years later than the Tinguiririca fauna. Grasslands spread as the Earth's paleoclimate grew cooler and drier. New fossils were uncovered of the New World monkeys and caviomorph rodents— the group that includes the capybara— which are known not to have evolved in situ. Some of the new fossils demonstrate by the form of their teeth that they lie closer to African fossil relatives than to the North American ones, which previously had been assumed to have rafted to the island continent. Now it appears that some may have made the crossing of a younger, much narrower Atlantic Ocean. A notable discovery was the miniature skull of a delicate progenitor of New World marmosets and tamarins; it has been given the name Chilecebus carrascoensis.The first of the fossils were found in 1988. Since then, in strata representing repeated catastrophic lahar events, more than 1500 individual fossils have been recovered from multiple sites in the region, ranging in age from 40 to 10 mya.".
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageExternalLink FlynnPPP2003Abstract.pdf.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageExternalLink NewSpecies.html.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageExternalLink SAMammals.html.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageExternalLink article.cfm?id=south-americas-missing-mammals&print=true.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageID "11090023".
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageLength "4755".
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageOutDegree "40".
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageRevisionID "681575881".
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Abanico_Formation.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Allometry.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Andes.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Anteater.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Armadillo.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Atlantic_Ocean.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Capybara.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Biogeography.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cenozoic_animals_of_South_America.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Meridiungulata.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Oligocene_mammals.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Prehistoric_biotas.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Caviomorph.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Caviomorpha.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Cenogram.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Chile.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Chilecebus.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Chilecebus_carrascoensis.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Chinchilla.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Ecological_niche.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Endemism.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Fossil.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Grassland.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Great_Plains.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Hypsodont.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Isthmus_of_Panama.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Lahar.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Marmoset.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Marsupial.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Miocene.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink North_America.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Notoungulata.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Notoungulate.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Oligocene.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Paleoclimate.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Paleoclimatology.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Rodent.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Sloth.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink South_America.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Tamarin.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Tinguiririca_River.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLink Volcanic_ash.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageWikiLinkText "Tinguiririca fauna".
- Tinguiririca_fauna catSuffix "South America".
- Tinguiririca_fauna hasPhotoCollection Tinguiririca_fauna.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Geological_history.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Paleogene_Footer.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Phanerozoic_eon_nav.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Tinguiririca_fauna subject Category:Biogeography.
- Tinguiririca_fauna subject Category:Cenozoic_animals_of_South_America.
- Tinguiririca_fauna subject Category:Meridiungulata.
- Tinguiririca_fauna subject Category:Oligocene_mammals.
- Tinguiririca_fauna subject Category:Prehistoric_biotas.
- Tinguiririca_fauna type Mammal.
- Tinguiririca_fauna type Mammal.
- Tinguiririca_fauna type Subfield.
- Tinguiririca_fauna comment "The fossil Tinguiririca fauna, entombed in volcanic mudflows and ash layers at the onset of the Oligocene, about 33-31.5 million years ago, represents a unique snapshot of the history of South America's endemic fauna, which was extinguished when the former island continent was joined to North America by the rising Isthmus of Panama.".
- Tinguiririca_fauna label "Tinguiririca fauna".
- Tinguiririca_fauna sameAs Tinguiririca-Fauna.
- Tinguiririca_fauna sameAs Tinguiririquense.
- Tinguiririca_fauna sameAs m.02q_pvz.
- Tinguiririca_fauna sameAs Q1746619.
- Tinguiririca_fauna sameAs Q1746619.
- Tinguiririca_fauna wasDerivedFrom Tinguiririca_fauna?oldid=681575881.
- Tinguiririca_fauna isPrimaryTopicOf Tinguiririca_fauna.