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• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years abstract "For information on the description of the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age in various IPCC reports see MWP and LIA in IPCC reportsThe temperature record of the past 1,000 years is reconstructed using data from climate proxy records in conjunction with the modern instrumental temperature record which only covers the last 150 years at a global scale. Large scale reconstructions covering part or all of the 1st millennium and 2nd millennium have shown that recent temperatures are exceptional: the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report of 2007 concluded that "Average Northern Hemisphere temperatures during the second half of the 20th century were very likely higher than during any other 50-year period in the last 500 years and likely the highest in at least the past 1,300 years." The curve shown in graphs of these reconstructions is widely known as the hockey stick graph because of the sharp increase in temperatures during the last century. As of 2010 this broad pattern was supported by more than two dozen reconstructions, using various statistical methods and combinations of proxy records, with variations in how flat the pre-20th century "shaft" appears. Sparseness of proxy records results in considerable uncertainty for earlier periods.Individual proxy records, such as tree ring widths and densities used in dendroclimatology, are calibrated against the instrumental record for the period of overlap. Networks of such records are used to reconstruct past temperatures for regions: tree ring proxies have been used to reconstruct Northern Hemisphere extratropical temperatures (within the tropics trees do not form rings) but are confined to land areas and are scarce in the Southern Hemisphere which is largely ocean. Wider coverage is provided by multiproxy reconstructions, incorporating proxies such as lake sediments, ice cores and corals which are found in different regions, and using statistical methods to relate these sparser proxies to the greater numbers of tree ring records. The "Composite Plus Scaling" (CPS) method is widely used for large-scale multiproxy reconstructions of hemispheric or global average temperatures, this is complemented by Climate Field Reconstruction (CFR) methods which show how climate patterns have developed over large spatial areas, making the reconstruction useful for investigating natural variability and long term oscillations as well as for comparisons with patterns produced by climate models. During the 1,900 years before the 20th century, it is likely that the next warmest period was from 950 to 1100, with peaks at different times in different regions. This has been called the Medieval Warm Period, and some evidence suggests widespread cooler conditions during a period around the 17th century known as the Little Ice Age. In the hockey stick controversy, contrarians have asserted that the Medieval Warm Period was warmer than at present, and have disputed the data and methods of climate reconstructions.".
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• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Category:Climate_change_science.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Category:Climate_history.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Category:Holocene.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Climatic_Research_Unit_email_controversy.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Competitive_Enterprise_Institute.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Dendroclimatology.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Description_of_the_Medieval_Warm_Period_and_Little_Ice_Age_in_IPCC_reports.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Ed_Whitfield.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Wegman.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Eigenvalues_and_eigenvectors.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Environmental_Protection_Agency.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Fred_Singer.
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• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Isotope.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Jerry_D._Mahlman.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Jerry_Mahlman.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Jim_Inhofe.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Joe_Barton.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink John_Lawrence_Daly.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Kyoto_Protocol.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink List_of_large-scale_temperature_reconstructions_of_the_last_2,000_years.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink List_of_large_scale_temperature_reconstructions_of_the_last_2,000_years.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Little_Ice_Age.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink MWP_and_LIA_in_IPCC_reports.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Malcolm_K._Hughes.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Medieval_Warm_Period.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Michael_E._Mann.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink National_Academies_Press.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink National_Research_Council_(United_States).
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• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Philip_Cooney.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Presidency_of_George_W._Bush.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Principal_component_analysis.
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• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Proxy_(climate).
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• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Stephen_McIntyre.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Steve_McIntyre.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Table_of_historic_and_prehistoric_climate_indicators.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Temperature_record.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Temperature_record_since_1880.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Thermometer.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink United_States_House_Committee_on_Science,_Space_and_Technology.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink United_States_National_Research_Council.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Wegman_Report.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Wibjörn_Karlén.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink Willie_Soon.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLink File:2000_Year_Temperature_Comparison.png.
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLinkText "Temperature record of the past 1000 years".
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLinkText "average temperature in the Northern Hemisphere back to 1000 A.D.".
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLinkText "historic temperature reconstructions".
• Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years wikiPageWikiLinkText "last millennium".

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