Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Statistics> ?p ?o }
- Statistics abstract "Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. In applying statistics to, e.g., a scientific, industrial, or societal problem, it is conventional to begin with a statistical population or a statistical model process to be studied. Populations can be diverse topics such as "all persons living in a country" or "every atom composing a crystal". Statistics deals with all aspects of data including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments.When census data cannot be collected, statisticians collect data by developing specific experiment designs and survey samples. Representative sampling assures that inferences and conclusions can safely extend from the sample to the population as a whole. An experimental study involves taking measurements of the system under study, manipulating the system, and then taking additional measurements using the same procedure to determine if the manipulation has modified the values of the measurements. In contrast, an observational study does not involve experimental manipulation.Two main statistical methodologies are used in data analysis: descriptive statistics, which summarizes data from a sample using indexes such as the mean or standard deviation, and inferential statistics, which draws conclusions from data that are subject to random variation (e.g., observational errors, sampling variation). Descriptive statistics are most often concerned with two sets of properties of a distribution (sample or population): central tendency (or location) seeks to characterize the distribution's central or typical value, while dispersion (or variability) characterizes the extent to which members of the distribution depart from its center and each other. Inferences on mathematical statistics are made under the framework of probability theory, which deals with the analysis of random phenomena.A standard statistical procedure involves the test of the relationship between two statistical data sets, or a data set and a synthetic data drawn from idealized model. An hypothesis is proposed for the statistical relationship between the two data sets, and this is compared as an alternative to an idealized null hypothesis of no relationship between two data sets. Rejecting or disproving the null hypothesis is done using statistical tests that quantify the sense in which the null can be proven false, given the data that are used in the test. Working from a null hypothesis, two basic forms of error are recognized: Type I errors (null hypothesis is falsely rejected giving a "false positive") and Type II errors (null hypothesis fails to be rejected and an actual difference between populations is missed giving a "false negative"). Multiple problems have come to be associated with this framework: ranging from obtaining a sufficient sample size to specifying an adequate null hypothesis.Measurement processes that generate statistical data are also subject to error. Many of these errors are classified as random (noise) or systematic (bias), but other important types of errors (e.g., blunder, such as when an analyst reports incorrect units) can also be important. The presence of missing data and/or censoring may result in biased estimates and specific techniques have been developed to address these problems.Statistics can be said to have begun in ancient civilization, going back at least to the 5th century BC, but it was not until the 18th century that it started to draw more heavily from calculus and probability theory. Statistics continues to be an area of active research, for example on the problem of how to analyze Big data.".
- Statistics thumbnail The_Normal_Distribution.svg?width=300.
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- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink A._W._F._Edwards.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Abundance_estimation.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Academic_discipline.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Actuarial_science.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Adrien-Marie_Legendre.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Algorithm.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Algorithms.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Alternative_hypothesis.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Analysis.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Analysis_of_variance.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Ancillary_statistic.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Applied_information_economics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Artificial_neural_network.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Assembly_line.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Association_(statistics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Astrostatistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Average_treatment_effect.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Baseball_statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bayesian_inference.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bayesian_probability.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bayesian_statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bias.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bias_(statistics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bias_of_an_estimator.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Big_data.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Biological_network.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Biology.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Biometrika.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Biostatistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Blaise_Pascal.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Blind_experiment.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Blocking_(statistics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Boolean_data_type.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Bootstrapping_(statistics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Business_statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Calculus.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Case-control_study.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Categorical_data.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Categorical_variable.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Auxiliary_sciences_of_history.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Data.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Evaluation_methods.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Formal_sciences.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Information.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mathematical_and_quantitative_methods_(economics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mathematical_sciences.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Research_methods.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Scientific_method.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Category:Statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Causality.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Celsius.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Censoring_(statistics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Census.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Central_tendency.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Chaos_theory.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Chemistry.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Chemometrics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Chi-squared_distribution.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Chi-squared_test.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Column_vector.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Computational_biology.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Computational_sociology.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Computational_statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Computer.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Confidence_interval.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Confidence_intervals.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Confounding.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Confounding_variable.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Conjoint_Analysis.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Conjoint_analysis.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Consistency_(statistics).
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Consistent_estimator.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Continuous_probability_distribution.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Control_group.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Convergence_of_random_variables.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Converges_in_probability.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Correlation.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Correlation_and_dependence.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Correlation_does_not_imply_causation.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Credible_interval.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Cricket_statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Critical_region.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Data.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Data_mining.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Data_set.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Data_type.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Decision_theory.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Deductive_reasoning.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Demography.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Dependent_and_independent_variables.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Descriptive_statistics.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Design_of_experiments.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Difference_in_differences.
- Statistics wikiPageWikiLink Differentiable.