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- Seven_Years_War abstract "The Seven Years' War was fought between 1754 and 1763, the main conflict occurring in the seven-year period from 1756 to 1763. It involved most of the great powers of the time and affected Europe, North America, Central America, the West African coast, India, and the Philippines. In a sense, it was one of the first true world wars almost one hundred and sixty years before what is commonly known as World War I. The two major opponents were Great Britain and France. In the historiography of some countries, the war is named after combatants in its respective theatres: the French and Indian War in the United States. In French-speaking Canada, it is known as the War of the Conquest, while it is called the Seven Years' War in English-speaking Canada (North America, 1754–1763), Pomeranian War (with Sweden and Prussia, 1757–1762), Third Carnatic War (on theIndian subcontinent, 1757–1763), and Third Silesian War (with Prussia and Austria, 1756–1763).Conflict between Great Britain and France broke out in 1754–1755 when the British attacked disputed French positions in North America and seized hundreds of French merchant ships. Meanwhile, rising power Prussia was struggling with Austria for dominance within and outside the Holy Roman Empire in central Europe. In 1756, the major powers "switched partners"; Prussia established an alliance with Britain while traditional enemies France and Austria formed an alliance of their own with the Treaty of Versailles. The Anglo-Prussian alliance was joined by smaller German states (especially Hanover) and later Portugal, which therefore suffered a Franco-Spanish invasion. The Austro-French alliance included Sweden, Saxony and later Spain. The Russian Empire was originally aligned with Austria, but switched sides upon the succession of Tsar Peter III in 1762. The taxation needed for war caused the citizens of Russia considerable hardship, being added to the taxation of salt and alcohol by Empress Elizabeth in 1759 to complete her addition to the Winter Palace. Like Sweden, Russia concluded a separate peace with Prussia.The war ended with the Treaty of Paris among France, Spain and Great Britain and the Treaty of Hubertusburg among Saxony, Austria and Prussia, in 1763. It was characterized in Europe by sieges and arson of towns as well as open battles with extremely heavy losses; overall, some 900,000 to 1,400,000 people died.The war was successful for Great Britain, which gained the bulk of New France in North America, Spanish Florida, some individual Caribbean islands in the West Indies, the colony of Senegal on the West African coast, and superiority over the French trading outposts on the Indian subcontinent. The native American tribes were excluded from the settlement; as allies of France, it is unlikely that being a party to the treaty would have been beneficial to them. A subsequent conflict, known as Pontiac's War, was also unsuccessful in returning them to their pre-war status. In Europe the war began disastrously for Prussia, but a combination of good luck and successful strategy saw King Frederick the Great manage to retrieve the Prussian position and achieve the status quo ante bellum. The involvement of Portugal, Spain and Sweden did not return them to their former status as great powers. While France was deprived of many of its colonies and saddled with heavy war debt, Spain lost Florida but gained French Louisiana and regained control of its colonies, e.g., Cuba and the Philippines, which had been captured by the British during the war.".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Hanover".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Hesse-Kassel".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Holy Roman Empire".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Portugal(from 1762)".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Schaumburg-Lippe".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Spain".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*Sweden".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*x11pxIroquois Confederacy".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*x14pxMughal Empire".
- Seven_Years_War combatant "*x22pxBrunswick-Wolfenbüttel".
- Seven_Years_War commander Adolf_Frederick,_King_of_Sweden.
- Seven_Years_War commander Alamgir_II.
- Seven_Years_War commander Alexander_Buturlin.
- Seven_Years_War commander Augustin_Ehrensvärd.
- Seven_Years_War commander Augustus_III_of_Poland.
- Seven_Years_War commander Charles,_Prince_of_Soubise.
- Seven_Years_War commander Charles_III_of_Spain.
- Seven_Years_War commander Count_Leopold_Joseph_von_Daun.
- Seven_Years_War commander Duke_Ferdinand_of_Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
- Seven_Years_War commander Elizabeth_of_Russia.
- Seven_Years_War commander Ernst_Gideon_von_Laudon.
- Seven_Years_War commander Franz_Moritz_von_Lacy.
- Seven_Years_War commander Frederick_Augustus_Rutowsky.
- Seven_Years_War commander Frederick_the_Great.
- Seven_Years_War commander Friedrich_Wilhelm_von_Seydlitz.
- Seven_Years_War commander George_II_of_Great_Britain.
- Seven_Years_War commander Jeffery_Amherst,_1st_Baron_Amherst.
- Seven_Years_War commander John_Manners,_Marquess_of_Granby.
- Seven_Years_War commander Joseph_I_of_Portugal.
- Seven_Years_War commander Juan_de_Prado_Mayera_Portocarrero_y_Luna.
- Seven_Years_War commander Kingdom_of_Great_Britain.
- Seven_Years_War commander Louis_Charles_César_Le_Tellier.
- Seven_Years_War commander Louis_XV_of_France.
- Seven_Years_War commander Manuel_Rojo_del_Río_y_Vieyra.
- Seven_Years_War commander Maria_Theresa.
- Seven_Years_War commander Maurice,_Count_de_Benyovszky.
- Seven_Years_War commander Nawab_of_the_Carnatic.
- Seven_Years_War commander Nicolás_de_Carvajal,_Marquis_of_Sarriá.
- Seven_Years_War commander Pedro_Antonio_de_Cevallos.
- Seven_Years_War commander Pedro_Pablo_Abarca_de_Bolea,_10th_Count_of_Aranda.
- Seven_Years_War commander Peter_III_of_Russia.
- Seven_Years_War commander Prince_Charles_Alexander_of_Lorraine.
- Seven_Years_War commander Prince_Henry_of_Prussia_(1726–1802).
- Seven_Years_War commander Pyotr_Saltykov.
- Seven_Years_War commander Robert_Clive.
- Seven_Years_War commander Shah_Alam_II.
- Seven_Years_War commander Siraj_ud-Daulah.
- Seven_Years_War commander Thomas_Pelham-Holles,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle.
- Seven_Years_War commander William,_Count_of_Schaumburg-Lippe.
- Seven_Years_War commander William_Cavendish,_4th_Duke_of_Devonshire.
- Seven_Years_War commander William_Fermor.
- Seven_Years_War result "*Treaty of Hamburg (1762)".
- Seven_Years_War result "*Treaty of Hubertusburg(1763)".
- Seven_Years_War result "*Treaty of Paris (1763)".
- Seven_Years_War result "*Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1762)".
- Seven_Years_War territory Canada_(New_France).
- Seven_Years_War territory Dominica.
- Seven_Years_War territory Grenada.
- Seven_Years_War territory Kingdom_of_France.
- Seven_Years_War territory Louisiana_(New_France).
- Seven_Years_War territory Northern_Circars.
- Seven_Years_War territory Saint_Lucia.
- Seven_Years_War territory Saint_Vincent_(Antilles).
- Seven_Years_War territory Status_quo_ante_bellum.
- Seven_Years_War territory Tobago.
- Seven_Years_War thumbnail Seven_Years_War_Collage.jpgwidth=300.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink 1759.ccbn-nbc.gc.ca.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink SevenYearsWar-FrenchandIndianWar-TheWaroftheConquest.htm.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink FRENCH_ARMY.htm.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink 7yw-timeline-w.html.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink RHM_22_14.pdf.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink 0375706364.
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- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink clash_e.shtml.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink vol13no5osman.pdf.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink 7years.html.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink syw.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageExternalLink www.leuthenjournal.com.
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- Seven_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Abenaki.
- Seven_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Abenaki_people.