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- SM-65F_Atlas abstract "The SM-65F Atlas, or Atlas-F, was the final operational variant of the Atlas missile, only differing from the Atlas E in the guidance package. It first flew on 8 August 1961, and was deployed as an operational ICBM between 1961 and 1966. Following retirement as an ICBM, the Atlas-F, along with the Atlas-E, was refurbished for orbital launches as the Atlas E/F.Most refurbished Atlas F space launches used solid-fueled upper stages, a notable exception being Missile 23F which launched Seasat, a military oceanography satellite, on June 27, 1978 using the last-ever Agena stage flown. The final Atlas F launch took place on June 23, 1981 when Missile 87F successfully placed a NOAA weather satellite into orbit.The first two Atlas F flights from Cape Canaveral in August and November 1961 were successful and the third on December 12 mostly successful. On the 21st, Atlas 6F lifted off of LC-11 carrying a rhesus monkey named Scatback. This was the third launch of a primate on an Atlas in the past month - the first was Mercury-Atlas 5 which successfully lofted a chimpanzee on a three-orbit mission while the second, an Atlas E test, malfunctioned shortly after liftoff and had to be destroyed, claiming the life of the squirrel monkey it was carrying. Atlas 6F performed otherwise acceptably, but the sustainer engine shut down prematurely and it did not achieve its planned range. The capsule separated and splashed down near Ascension Island in the South Atlantic, however the tracking beacon failed to operate and recovery crews could not locate it. They gave up the search and Scatback was officially lost at sea.So far, the Atlas F test program had gone well and nobody was prepared for the upcoming disaster on April 9, 1962 when Missile 11F exploded only one second after liftoff from LC-11. Subsequent investigation found that the sustainer LOX turbopump exploded due to the impeller blades rubbing against the metal casing and causing a spark that ignited the LOX. Testing now began at Vandenberg AFB and Missile 15F flew successfully on August 1. Atlas 57F on the 10th was another loss, this time due to a guidance failure at T+57 seconds that necessitated destruction of the vehicle by Range Safety. The next test launch took place from the now-repaired LC-11 at the Cape two days later and all subsequent R&D flights went without a hitch except for 13F in November which suffered premature engine shutdown due to overheating. After the flight of Atlas 21F in December, the vehicle was declared operational.Operational tests of the Atlas F were mostly successful, but two flights from Vandenberg (Atlas 45F in October 1963 and Atlas 3F in April 1964) suffered stuck engine valves and fell back onto the pad at liftoff. In 1965, the Atlas was retired from service as an ICBM and remaining missiles used for suborbital and orbital launches over the next few decades. There were two major failures during the 20 years as a satellite launcher. One was an attempted launch of an unknown military test payload in April 1975 when a glob of LOX/kerosene gel fell into the flame pit at ignition, exploded, and damaged the Atlas's sustainer engine. The launch vehicle continued to operate for over two minutes, but the sustainer and verniers eventually shut down and the range safety destruct command was issued at T+303 seconds. Since the LOX gel explosion also damaged wiring in the base of the booster, the telemetry system lost power and no data was returned during launch, making it difficult to determine the exact cause of the engine failure. It was thought that damage to a piece of plumbing was the most likely explanation.The other was a botched launch of a NOAA weather satellite in May 1980. Performance appeared normal until booster jettison when the trajectory was discovered to be off-course. The sustainer engine kept burning long past its normal cutoff time, up to 50 seconds. When the satellite finally separated, it was inserted into a useless elliptical orbit.The failure was caused by a seal jostled loose by the rapid-fire pyrotechnic cartridge ignition system used in the Atlas E/F missiles, flooding the sustainer RP-1 turbopump with fuel and slowing down its rotation speed, thus causing greatly reduced thrust and fuel consumption. The Atlas's onboard computer tried to compensate by extending the engine burn time until propellant depletion occurred almost a minute later than normal. After sustainer cutoff, the booster also had to execute vernier solo mode for another 11 seconds. However, for simplicity reasons, the NOSS satellite had no electrical interface with the Atlas and so its solid rocket kick motor activated at a preset separation time. The Atlas was consequently still running when this happened, causing the kick motor to rupture the LOX tank dome, which registered on telemetry readouts as an immediate loss of tank pressure. As a consequence, the satellite reached a useless orbit and had to be abandoned.Atlas-F launches were conducted from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, at Launch Complexes 11 and 13, and Vandenberg Air Force Base at OSTF-2, LC-576 and SLC-3. A total of 55 Atlas F missile tests were conducted between 1961 and 1974, the post-1965 launches all being tests of reentry vehicles as Atlas had been retired from ICBM service, along with 39 space launches during 1967 to 1981. There were 16 failures.".
- SM-65F_Atlas failedLaunches "17".
- SM-65F_Atlas finalFlight "1981-06-23".
- SM-65F_Atlas launchSite Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Launch_Complex_11.
- SM-65F_Atlas launchSite Operational_Silo_Test_Facility.
- SM-65F_Atlas launchSite Vandenberg_AFB_Launch_Complex_576.
- SM-65F_Atlas launchSite Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base.
- SM-65F_Atlas maidenFlight "1961-08-08".
- SM-65F_Atlas manufacturer Convair.
- SM-65F_Atlas rocketFunction Expendable_launch_system.
- SM-65F_Atlas rocketFunction Intercontinental_ballistic_missile.
- SM-65F_Atlas status "Retired".
- SM-65F_Atlas successfulLaunches "53".
- SM-65F_Atlas thumbnail Atlas-F.jpg?width=300.
- SM-65F_Atlas totalLaunches "70".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageID "20877641".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageLength "6662".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageOutDegree "27".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageRevisionID "649089813".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Ascension_Island.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink F.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Launch_Complex_11.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Launch_Complex_13.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Atlas_(rocket_family).
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Category:Rockets_and_missiles.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Convair.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Expendable_launch_system.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink ICBM.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Intercontinental_ballistic_missile.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Mercury-Atlas_5.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Operational_Silo_Test_Facility.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Orbit.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink SM-65E_Atlas.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink SM-65_Atlas.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Vandenberg_AFB_Launch_Complex_576.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Vandenberg_AFB_Operational_Silo_Test_Facility.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Vandenberg_AFB_Space_Launch_Complex_3.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLink Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLinkText "Atlas F".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLinkText "Atlas model F".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLinkText "Atlas-F".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLinkText "F".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageWikiLinkText "SM-65F Atlas".
- SM-65F_Atlas caption "Launch of an Atlas-F missile".
- SM-65F_Atlas countryOrigin "United States".
- SM-65F_Atlas fail "17".
- SM-65F_Atlas first "1961-08-08".
- SM-65F_Atlas function Expendable_launch_system.
- SM-65F_Atlas function ICBM.
- SM-65F_Atlas function Intercontinental_ballistic_missile.
- SM-65F_Atlas hasPhotoCollection SM-65F_Atlas.
- SM-65F_Atlas imsize "180".
- SM-65F_Atlas last "1981-06-23".
- SM-65F_Atlas launches "70".
- SM-65F_Atlas manufacturer Convair.
- SM-65F_Atlas name "Atlas-F".
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Launch_Complex_11.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Cape_Canaveral_Air_Force_Station_Launch_Complex_13.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Operational_Silo_Test_Facility.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Vandenberg_AFB_Launch_Complex_576.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Vandenberg_AFB_Operational_Silo_Test_Facility.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Vandenberg_AFB_Space_Launch_Complex_3.
- SM-65F_Atlas sites Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base.
- SM-65F_Atlas status "Retired".
- SM-65F_Atlas success "53".
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Atlas_rockets.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_rocket.
- SM-65F_Atlas wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- SM-65F_Atlas subject Category:Atlas_(rocket_family).
- SM-65F_Atlas subject Category:Rockets_and_missiles.
- SM-65F_Atlas hypernym Variant.
- SM-65F_Atlas type MeanOfTransportation.
- SM-65F_Atlas type Rocket.
- SM-65F_Atlas type Vehicle.
- SM-65F_Atlas type DesignedArtifact.
- SM-65F_Atlas type Thing.
- SM-65F_Atlas type Q41291.
- SM-65F_Atlas comment "The SM-65F Atlas, or Atlas-F, was the final operational variant of the Atlas missile, only differing from the Atlas E in the guidance package. It first flew on 8 August 1961, and was deployed as an operational ICBM between 1961 and 1966.".
- SM-65F_Atlas label "SM-65F Atlas".
- SM-65F_Atlas sameAs אטלס_F.
- SM-65F_Atlas sameAs SM-65F_Atlas.
- SM-65F_Atlas sameAs m.053r50_.
- SM-65F_Atlas sameAs Q7391030.
- SM-65F_Atlas sameAs Q7391030.
- SM-65F_Atlas wasDerivedFrom SM-65F_Atlas?oldid=649089813.
- SM-65F_Atlas depiction Atlas-F.jpg.
- SM-65F_Atlas isPrimaryTopicOf SM-65F_Atlas.
- SM-65F_Atlas name "Atlas-F (SM-65F)".