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- Richard_II_of_England abstract "Richard II (6 January 1367 – c. 14 February 1400), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed on 30 September 1399.Richard, a son of Edward, the Black Prince, was born during the reign of his grandfather, Edward III. Richard was the younger brother of Edward of Angoulême; upon the death of this elder brother, Richard—at four years of age—became second in line to the throne after his father. Upon the death of Richard's father prior to the death of Edward III, Richard, by primogeniture, became the first in line for the throne. With Edward III's death the following year, Richard succeeded to the throne at the age of ten.During Richard's first years as king, government was in the hands of a series of councils. Most of the aristocracy preferred this to a regency led by the king's uncle, John of Gaunt, yet Gaunt remained highly influential. The first major challenge of the reign was the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. The young king played a major part in the successful suppression of this crisis. In the following years, however, the king's dependence on a small number of courtiers caused discontent among the influential, and in 1387 control of government was taken over by a group of aristocrats known as the Lords Appellant. By 1389 Richard had regained control, and for the next eight years governed in relative harmony with his former opponents.In 1397, Richard took his revenge on the appellants, many of whom were executed or exiled. The next two years have been described by historians as Richard's "tyranny". In 1399, after John of Gaunt died, the king disinherited Gaunt's son, Henry of Bolingbroke, who had previously been exiled. Henry invaded England in June 1399 with a small force that quickly grew in numbers. Claiming initially that his goal was only to reclaim his patrimony, it soon became clear that he intended to claim the throne for himself. Meeting little resistance, Bolingbroke deposed Richard and had himself crowned as King Henry IV. Richard died in captivity in February 1400; he is thought to have been starved to death, though questions remain regarding his final fate.Richard was said to have been tall, good-looking and intelligent. Though probably not insane, as earlier historians believed, he may have had what modern psychologists would call a "personality disorder" towards the end of his reign. Less warlike than either his father or grandfather, he sought to bring an end to the Hundred Years' War that Edward III had started. He was a firm believer in the royal prerogative, something which led him to restrain the power of the aristocracy, and to rely on a private retinue for military protection instead; in contrast to the fraternal, martial court of his grandfather, he cultivated a refined atmosphere at his court, in which the king was an elevated figure, with art and culture at the centre.Richard's posthumous reputation has to a large extent been shaped by Shakespeare, whose play Richard II portrayed Richard's misrule and his deposition by Bolingbroke as responsible for the fifteenth century Wars of the Roses. Modern historians do not accept this interpretation, while not exonerating Richard from responsibility for his own deposition. Most authorities agree that, even though his policies were not unprecedented or entirely unrealistic, the way in which he carried them out was unacceptable to the political establishment, and this led to his downfall.".
- Richard_II_of_England activeYearsEndYear "1377".
- Richard_II_of_England activeYearsStartYear "1377".
- Richard_II_of_England birthDate "1367-01-06".
- Richard_II_of_England birthPlace Aquitaine.
- Richard_II_of_England birthPlace Bordeaux.
- Richard_II_of_England birthPlace Duchy_of_Aquitaine.
- Richard_II_of_England birthYear "1367".
- Richard_II_of_England deathDate "1400-02-14".
- Richard_II_of_England deathPlace Pontefract_Castle.
- Richard_II_of_England deathPlace Yorkshire.
- Richard_II_of_England deathYear "1400".
- Richard_II_of_England parent Edward,_the_Black_Prince.
- Richard_II_of_England parent Joan_of_Kent.
- Richard_II_of_England predecessor Edward_III_of_England.
- Richard_II_of_England restingPlace London.
- Richard_II_of_England restingPlace Westminster_Abbey.
- Richard_II_of_England spouse Anne_of_Bohemia.
- Richard_II_of_England spouse Isabella_of_Valois.
- Richard_II_of_England successor Henry_IV_of_England.
- Richard_II_of_England thumbnail Richard_II_King_of_England.jpg?width=300.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageExternalLink process;jsessionid=59D8F43C7272104ED67F29E5CE1CF65C?sort=title&browse=1&clauseMapped(creatorBrowse)=Walsingham%2C+Thomas%2C+fl.+1360-1420..
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageExternalLink index.php.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageExternalLink richardII.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageExternalLink browse_CIRCLE.php.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageID "46531".
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageLength "61463".
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageOutDegree "318".
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageRevisionID "683749916".
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Absolute_monarchy.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Neville.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anne_of_Bohemia.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anthony_Goodman_(historian).
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anthony_Steel_(historian).
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anthony_Tuck.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Antipope_Clement_VII.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Aquitaine.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_Canterbury.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_York.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Archbishops_Palace,_Bordeaux.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Attributed_arms.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Avignon_Papacy.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Otterburn.
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- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Blanche_de_Brienne,_Baroness_Tingry.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Blanche_of_Lancaster.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bolingbroke_Castle.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bordeaux.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1367_births.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1400_crimes.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1400_deaths.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:14th-century_monarchs_in_Europe.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Burials_at_Westminster_Abbey.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Deaths_by_starvation.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Dukes_of_Cornwall.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_Roman_Catholics.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_monarchs.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_people_of_French_descent.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_pretenders_to_the_French_throne.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:House_of_Plantagenet.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Knights_of_the_Garter.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Medieval_child_rulers.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Monarchs_who_abdicated.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Murdered_monarchs.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Peasants_Revolt.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Bordeaux.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Princes_of_Wales.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Prisoners_in_the_Tower_of_London.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Richard_II_of_England.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Roman_Catholic_monarchs.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charles,_Count_of_Valois.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charles_VI_of_France.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Charles_of_Valois.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Cheshire.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Chronicle.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Coat_of_arms.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Common_law.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Confessio_Amantis.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Conwy_Castle.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Counts_and_Dukes_of_Aumale.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Counts_and_dukes_of_Aumale.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Crusade.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Crusades.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Cultural_depictions_of_Richard_II_of_England.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Deposition_(politics).
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Dominican_Order.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Aquitaine.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Aquitaine.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Cornwall.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Exeter.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Hereford.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Ireland.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Norfolk.
- Richard_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Surrey.