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- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros abstract "The Revolt of the Comuneros (Spanish: Guerra de las Comunidades de Castilla, "War of the Communities of Castile") was an uprising by citizens of Castile against the rule of Charles V and his administration between 1520 and 1521. At its height, the rebels controlled the heart of Castile, ruling the cities of Valladolid, Tordesillas, and Toledo.The revolt occurred in the wake of political instability in the Crown of Castile after the death of Queen Isabella I in 1504. Joanna the Mad, Isabella's daughter, inherited the throne with her Burgundian husband King Philip I. However, Philip died two years into their reign, and their son Charles was only six years old. Due to his youth and Joanna's mental instability, Castile was ruled by the nobles and her father, King Ferdinand II of Aragon, as a regency. After Ferdinand's death in 1516, the sixteen-year-old Charles was proclaimed king of both Castile and Aragon. Charles had been raised in the Netherlands with little knowledge of Castilian. He arrived in Spain in October 1517 accompanied by a large retinue of Flemish nobles and clerics. These factors resulted in mistrust between the new king and the Castilian social elites, who could see the threat to their power and status.In 1519, Charles was elected Holy Roman Emperor. He departed for Germany in 1520, leaving the Dutch cardinal Adrian of Utrecht to rule Castile in his absence. Soon, a series of anti-government riots broke out in the cities, and local city councils (Comunidades) took power. The rebels chose Charles' own mother, Queen Joanna, as an alternative ruler, hoping they could control her madness. The rebel movement took on a radical anti-feudal dimension, supporting peasant rebellions against the landed nobility. On April 23, 1521, after nearly a year of rebellion, the reorganized supporters of the emperor struck a crippling blow to the comuneros at the Battle of Villalar. The following day, rebel leaders Juan de Padilla, Juan Bravo, and Francisco Maldonado were beheaded. The army of the comuneros fell apart. Only the city of Toledo kept alive the rebellion, until its surrender in October 1521.The character of the revolution is a matter of historiographical debate. According to some scholars, the revolt was one of the first modern revolutions, notably because of the anti-noble sentiment against social injustice and its basis on ideals of democracy and freedom. Others consider it a more typical rebellion against high taxes and perceived foreign control. From the 19th century onwards, the revolt has been mythologized by various Spaniards, generally liberals who drew political inspiration from it. Conservative intellectuals have traditionally adopted more pro-Imperial stances toward the revolt, and have been critical of both the motives and the government of the comuneros. With the end of Franco's dictatorship and the establishment of the autonomous community of Castile and León, positive commemoration of the Comunidades has grown. April 23 is now celebrated as Castile and León Day, and the incident is often referred to in Castilian nationalism.".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros combatant "Comuneros rebels".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros combatant "Royalist Castilians".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Admiral_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Antonio_Osorio_de_Acuña.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Constable_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Fadrique_Enríquez.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Francisco_Maldonado.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Juan_Bravo.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Juan_López_de_Padilla.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander María_Pacheco.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Pedro_Téllez-Girón,_3rd_Count_of_Ureña.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Pope_Adrian_VI.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros commander Íñigo_Fernández_de_Velasco,_2nd_Duke_of_Frías.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros date "1520-04-16".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros date "1521-10-25".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros notes "1February 3, 1522 is also used as an end date; see [[#Revolt of February 1522".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros place Crown_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros result "Decisive royalist victory".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros thumbnail Comuneros.jpg?width=300.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageID "2358320".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageLength "73466".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageOutDegree "307".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageRevisionID "674952521".
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink A_Coruña.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Absolute_monarchy.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Absolutism_(European_history).
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Admiral_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Adrian_of_Utrecht.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Alcázar_of_Toledo.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Alhambra_Decree.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Ampudia.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Andalusia.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_Gisbert.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_Osorio_de_Acuña.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_de_Acuña.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_de_Fonseca.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_de_Rojas.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_de_Zúñiga.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_Toledo.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Archdiocese_of_Toledo.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Arquebus.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Arquebusiers.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Autonomous_communities_of_Spain.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Baeza.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Barbary_pirate.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Barbary_pirates.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Villalar.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Benefice.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Burgos.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Burgundian_Netherlands.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Castile_and_León.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Castile_and_León_Day.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Castilian_language.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Castilian_nationalism.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:1520s_conflicts.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:1520s_in_Spain.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:16th-century_rebellions.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:Spanish_rebellions.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:Spanish_revolutions.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Category:Wars_involving_Spain.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Monarchs.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink City-state.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Ciudad_Rodrigo.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Co-regency.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Constable_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Coregency.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Corral_de_Almaguer.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Cortes_Generales.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Council_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Crown_of_Aragon.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Crown_of_Castile.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Cuenca,_Spain.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Cáceres,_Spain.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Córdoba,_Andalusia.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Córdoba,_Spain.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Diego_Hurtado_de_Mendoza,_3rd_Duke_of_the_Infantado.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Diego_Hurtado_de_Mendoza_y_Luna.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Diego_Lopez_de_Pacheco,_2nd_Duke_of_Escalona.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Diego_López_Pacheco.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Diet_of_Worms.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Don_Quixote.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Ducat.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Dueñas,_Palencia.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Burgundy.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Medina_Sidonia.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Dukes_of_Medina_Sidonia.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Edict_of_Worms.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink El_Romeral.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Emirate_of_Granada.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Extremadura.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Fadrique_Enríquez.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink File:AcueductoSegovia_edit1.jpg.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink File:Comuneros.jpg.
- Revolt_of_the_Comuneros wikiPageWikiLink File:Toledo_Skyline_Panorama,_Spain_-_Dec_2006.jpg.