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- Random_coil abstract "A random coil is a polymer conformation where the monomer subunits are oriented randomly while still being bonded to adjacent units. It is not one specific shape, but a statistical distribution of shapes for all the chains in a population of macromolecules. The conformation's name is derived from the idea that, in the absence of specific, stabilizing interactions, a polymer backbone will "sample" all possible conformations randomly. Many linear, unbranched homopolymers — in solution, or above their melting temperatures — assume (approximate) random coils. Even copolymers with monomers of unequal length will distribute in random coils if the subunits lack any specific interactions. The parts of branched polymers may also assume random coils.Below their melting temperatures, most thermoplastic polymers (polyethylene, nylon, etc.) have amorphous regions in which the chains approximate random coils, alternating with regions that are crystalline. The amorphous regions contribute elasticity and the crystalline regions contribute strength and rigidity.More complex polymers such as proteins, with various interacting chemical groups attached to their backbones, self-assemble into well-defined structures. But segments of proteins, and polypeptides that lack secondary structure, are often assumed to exhibit a random-coil conformation in which the only fixed relationship is the joining of adjacent amino acid residues by a peptide bond. This is not actually the case, since the ensemble will be energy weighted due to interactions between amino acid side-chains, with lower-energy conformations being present more frequently. In addition, even arbitrary sequences of amino acids tend to exhibit some hydrogen bonding and secondary structure. For this reason, the term "statistical coil" is occasionally preferred. The conformational entropy associated with the random-coil state significantly contributes to its energetic stabilization and accounts for much of the energy barrier to protein folding. A random-coil conformation can be detected using spectroscopic techniques. The arrangement of the planar amide bonds results in a distinctive signal in circular dichroism. The chemical shift of amino acids in a random-coil conformation is well known in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Deviations from these signatures often indicates the presence of some secondary structure, rather than complete random coil. Furthermore, there are signals in multidimensional NMR experiments that indicate that stable, non-local amino acid interactions are absent for polypeptides in a random-coil conformation. Likewise, in the images produced by crystallography experiments, segments of random coil result simply in a reduction in "electron density" or contrast. A randomly coiled state for any polypeptide chain can be attained by denaturing the system. However, there is evidence that proteins are never truly random coils, even when denatured (Shortle & Ackerman).".
- Random_coil thumbnail Ideal_chain_random_walk.png?width=300.
- Random_coil wikiPageExternalLink annurev.pc.25.100174.001143.
- Random_coil wikiPageExternalLink chap3_0130181684.pdf.
- Random_coil wikiPageExternalLink 040.
- Random_coil wikiPageExternalLink 487?view=abstract.
- Random_coil wikiPageID "322931".
- Random_coil wikiPageLength "10965".
- Random_coil wikiPageOutDegree "90".
- Random_coil wikiPageRevisionID "624709310".
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink 0_(number).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Alkane.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Alpha_helix.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Amino_acid.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Amorphous_solid.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Approximation.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Biomolecular_structure.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Branching_(polymer_chemistry).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Category:Physical_chemistry.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Category:Polymer_physics.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_bond.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_shift.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_structure.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_synthesis.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Circular_dichroism.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Conformational_entropy.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Copolymer.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Crystal.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink DNA.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Denaturation_(biochemistry).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Dimension.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Elasticity_(physics).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Energy.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Entropy.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Flory-Huggins_Solution_Theory.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Flory–Huggins_solution_theory.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Glass_transition.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Glass_transition_temperature.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Graph_(mathematics).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Homopolymer.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Hydrogen_bond.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Ideal_chain.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Ideal_solution.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Intermolecular_force.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Kevlar.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Length.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Ludwig_Boltzmann.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Macromolecule.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Mathematical_model.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Molecular_geometry.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Molecular_self-assembly.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Molten_globule.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Monomer.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Monomers.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Native_state.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_diffraction.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Nobel_Prize_in_Chemistry.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Normal_distribution.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_of_proteins.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Nylon.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Paul_Flory.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Peptide.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Peptide_bond.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Polyethylene.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Polymer.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Probability.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Probability_distribution.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Probability_theory.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Protein.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Protein_NMR.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Protein_folding.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Random_walk.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Randomness.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Residue_(chemistry).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Root_mean_square.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Secondary_structure.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Shape.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Side_chain.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Solid.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Solution.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Space.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Sphere.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Statistical_ensemble_(mathematical_physics).
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Statistical_population.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Statistics.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Steric_effects.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Stiffness.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Stochastic.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Thermoplastic.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Van_der_Waals_radius.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Volume.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink Worm-like_chain.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink X-ray_crystallography.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLink File:Ideal_chain_random_walk.png.
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLinkText "Random coil".
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLinkText "chain".
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLinkText "coil".
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLinkText "coils".
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLinkText "random coil".
- Random_coil wikiPageWikiLinkText "randomly coiled".