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- Propidium_iodide abstract "Propidium iodide (or PI) is an intercalating agent and a fluorescent molecule with a molecular mass of 668.4 Da that can be used to stain cells. When PI is bound to nucleic acids, the fluorescence excitation maximum is 535 nm and the emission maximum is 617 nm. Excitation energy can be supplied with a xenon or mercury-arc lamp or with the 488 line of an argon-ion laser. Propidium iodide is used as a DNA stain for both flow cytometry, to evaluate cell viability or DNA content in cell cycle analysis, and microscopy to visualise the nucleus and other DNA-containing organelles. It can be used to differentiate necrotic, apoptotic and normal cells.Propidium Iodide is the most commonly used dye to quantitatively assess DNA content.Propidium iodide (PI) binds to DNA by intercalating between the bases, with little or no sequence preference, and with a stoichiometry of one dye per 4–5 base pairs of DNA. PI also binds to RNA, necessitating treatment with nucleases to distinguish between RNA and DNA staining. Once the dye is bound to nucleic acids, its fluorescence is enhanced 20- to 30-fold, the fluorescence excitation maximum is shifted ~30–40 nm to the red, and the fluorescence emission maximum is shifted ~15 nm to the blue. Although its molar absorptivity (extinction coefficient) is relatively low, PI exhibits a sufficiently large Stokes shift to allow simultaneous detection of nuclear DNA and fluorescein-labeled antibodies, provided the proper optical filters are used. PI is suitable for fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, flow cytometry, and fluorometry.PI is membrane impermeant and generally excluded from viable cells. PI is commonly used foridentifying dead cells in a population and as a counterstain in multicolor fluorescent techniques. The counterstaining protocols below are compatible with a wide range of cytological labeling techniques—direct or indirect antibody-based detection methods, mRNA in situ hybridization, or staining with fluorescent reagents specific for cellular structures. These protocols can be modified for tissue staining.A typical use of propidium iodide in plant biology is to stain the cell wall. Especially useful for Arabidopsis thaliana seedling root tissue observed by confocal microscopy, it increases visibility of the outlines of cells in the root tip. This red fluorescent background is useful to determine the sub-localization of a gene of interest expressed as a Green Fluorescent Protein fusion. Also, propidium iodide is used as a stain in animal cells. For example, in Apodemus sylvaticus, more commonly known as the wood mouse, it can be used to indicate the location of the nuclear region of sperm cell by emitting its characteristic red fluorescence.".
- Propidium_iodide thumbnail Propidium_iodide.png?width=300.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageID "2279750".
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageLength "6058".
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageOutDegree "31".
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageRevisionID "670398393".
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Apoptosis.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Arabidopsis_thaliana.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Atomic_mass_unit.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Category:DNA-binding_substances.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Category:Flow_cytometry.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Category:Iodides.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Category:Phenanthridine_dyes.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Category:Staining_dyes.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Cell-cycle_analysis.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Cell_cycle_analysis.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Confocal_laser_scanning_microscopy.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Confocal_microscopy.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Flow_cytometry.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Fluorescein.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Fluorescence.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Fluorescence_microscope.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Fluorescence_microscopy.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Fluorescence_spectroscopy.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Fluorometry.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Green_Fluorescent_Protein.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Green_fluorescent_protein.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Intercalating_agent.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Intercalation_(chemistry).
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Molecular_mass.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Molecule.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Necrosis.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink RNA.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Staining.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Staining_(biology).
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Stokes_shift.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Viability_assay.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Vital_stain.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLink Wood_mouse.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLinkText "Propidium iodide".
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageWikiLinkText "propidium iodide".
- Propidium_iodide hasPhotoCollection Propidium_iodide.
- Propidium_iodide imagefile "Propidium iodide.png".
- Propidium_iodide imagesize "200".
- Propidium_iodide verifiedrevid "464216583".
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Chembox.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Propidium_iodide wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Propidium_iodide subject Category:DNA-binding_substances.
- Propidium_iodide subject Category:Flow_cytometry.
- Propidium_iodide subject Category:Iodides.
- Propidium_iodide subject Category:Phenanthridine_dyes.
- Propidium_iodide subject Category:Staining_dyes.
- Propidium_iodide hypernym Agent.
- Propidium_iodide type Article.
- Propidium_iodide type ChemicalCompound.
- Propidium_iodide type ChemicalSubstance.
- Propidium_iodide type Article.
- Propidium_iodide type Technique.
- Propidium_iodide type ChemicalObject.
- Propidium_iodide type Thing.
- Propidium_iodide type Q11173.
- Propidium_iodide comment "Propidium iodide (or PI) is an intercalating agent and a fluorescent molecule with a molecular mass of 668.4 Da that can be used to stain cells. When PI is bound to nucleic acids, the fluorescence excitation maximum is 535 nm and the emission maximum is 617 nm. Excitation energy can be supplied with a xenon or mercury-arc lamp or with the 488 line of an argon-ion laser.".
- Propidium_iodide label "Propidium iodide".
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Propidiumiodid.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Bromodesoxiuridina.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs پروپیدیم_یدید.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Iodure_de_propidium.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs m.070g7d.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Propidijum_jodid.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Propidijum_jodid.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs புரோப்பிடியம்_அயோடைடு.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Q424169.
- Propidium_iodide sameAs Q424169.
- Propidium_iodide wasDerivedFrom Propidium_iodide?oldid=670398393.
- Propidium_iodide depiction Propidium_iodide.png.
- Propidium_iodide isPrimaryTopicOf Propidium_iodide.