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- Polish_Golden_Age abstract "The Polish Golden Age refers to the period from the late 15th century Jagiellon Poland to the death of the last of the Jagiellons, Sigismund August in 1572. Some historians claim that the Golden Age lasted until the mid-17th century, when in 1648 the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was ravaged by the Khmelnytsky Uprising, and Swedish invasion. During its Golden Age, the Commonwealth became one of the largest kingdoms of Europe, stretching from modern-day Estonia, to Moldavia and Silesia. Its army was able to defend the realm against numerous Teutonic knights, Turkish, Swedish, Russian, and Tatar invasions. The country prospered thanks to its enormous grain, wood and salt exports.In the 16th century, the area of the Commonwealth reached almost 1 million km2., with a population of 11 million. Poland-Lithuania was a political, military and economic power. Its goods were transported to Western Europe via Baltic Sea ports of Gdańsk, Elbląg, Riga, Memel and Königsberg. The Commonwealth had several major cities, such as Warsaw, Kraków, Poznań, Lviv, Vilnius, Toruń and Kiev, and its economic development made it possible for the culture to flourish.During the Golden Age, several renowned writers and thinkers lived in Poland: Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski, Piotr Skarga, Jan Kochanowski, Jan Dantyszek, Mikołaj Rej, Łukasz Górnicki and Stańczyk. Poland-Lithuania was a nation of tolerance, where Protestant Reformation was supported by several members of the nobility (see Polish Brethren, Sandomierz Agreement, Warsaw Confederation). Apart from Jagiellonian University, the Commonwealth had Vilnius University (founded 1579), and other colleges, such as Racovian Academy and Zamojski Academy. In architecture, Renaissance and Mannerism prevailed (see Renaissance in Poland, Mannerist architecture and sculpture in Poland), with best examples being the Sigismund's Chapel of the Wawel Cathedral, burgher houses, churches and town halls in Poznań, Kraków, Zamość, Kazimierz Dolny, Lublin, Lwów, Gdańsk and other cities, as well as castles (Pieskowa Skała, Krzyżtopor, Krasiczyn, Baranów Sandomierski and others).Golden Age was the time when the Commonwealth was regarded as one of the most powerful European states. It had a unique system of government, known as the Golden Liberty, in which all nobles (szlachta), regardless of economic status, were considered to have equal legal status and enjoyed extensive legal rights and privileges. One of its features was the Liberum veto, for the first time used in 1653. Nobility, which consisted of both szlachta and magnates, made app. 8% of the population. The situation of peasants was different. In the early 16th century it was relatively good, but deteriorated in the course of the time. Poverty was widespread, peasants were forced to work for the nobility (see serfdom), which resulted in their mass escaping to the forests, hills and Wild Fields in the Ukraine, where they joined the Cossacks.".
- Polish_Golden_Age thumbnail Potega_Rzeczypospolitej_u_zenitu_Zlota_wolnosc_Elekcja_1573.JPG?width=300.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageExternalLink 1,124764,6640266,Zloty_Wiek_w_Polsce.html.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageID "436374".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageLength "3698".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageOutDegree "66".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageRevisionID "682568711".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Andrzej_Frycz_Modrzewski.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Baltic_Sea.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Baranów_Sandomierski.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Poland_(1385–1569).
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_Poland_(1569–1795).
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Cossacks.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Deluge_(history).
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Elbląg.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Estonia.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Gdańsk.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Golden_Liberty.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Poland_during_the_Jagiellonian_dynasty.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Jagiellon_Poland.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Jagiellon_dynasty.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Jagiellonian_University.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Jagiellonian_dynasty.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Jan_Dantyszek.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Jan_Kochanowski.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Johannes_Dantiscus.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Kazimierz_Dolny.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Khmelnytsky_Uprising.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Kiev.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Klaipėda.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Kraków.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Krasiczyn.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Krzyżtopor.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Königsberg.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Liberum_veto.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Lublin.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Lviv.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Magnate.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Mannerist_architecture_and_sculpture_in_Poland.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Mikołaj_Rej.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Military_of_the_Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Moldavia.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Pieskowa_Skała.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Piotr_Skarga.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Polish-Lithuanian_Commonwealth.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Polish_Brethren.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Polish–Lithuanian_Commonwealth.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Poznań.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Protestant_Reformation.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Racovian_Academy.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Renaissance_in_Poland.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Riga.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Sandomierz_Agreement.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Serfdom.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Sigismund_August.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Sigismund_II_Augustus.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Sigismunds_Chapel.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Silesia.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Stańczyk.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Szlachta.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink The_Deluge_(Polish_history).
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Toruń.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Ukraine.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Vilnius.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Vilnius_University.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Warsaw.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Warsaw_Confederation.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Wawel_Cathedral.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Western_Europe.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Wild_Fields.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Zamojski_Academy.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Zamość.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink Łukasz_Górnicki.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLink File:Potega_Rzeczypospolitej_u_zenitu_Zlota_wolnosc_Elekcja_1573.JPG.
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "Golden Age of Polish culture".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "Golden Age of the Commonwealth".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "Golden Age".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "Poland's golden age".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "Polish Golden Age".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "Polish greatness".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "golden age of Poland".
- Polish_Golden_Age wikiPageWikiLinkText "the apex of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's prestige, power and economic influence".
- Polish_Golden_Age hasPhotoCollection Polish_Golden_Age.
- Polish_Golden_Age subject Category:History_of_Poland_(1385–1569).
- Polish_Golden_Age subject Category:History_of_Poland_(1569–1795).
- Polish_Golden_Age type Article.
- Polish_Golden_Age type Article.
- Polish_Golden_Age comment "The Polish Golden Age refers to the period from the late 15th century Jagiellon Poland to the death of the last of the Jagiellons, Sigismund August in 1572. Some historians claim that the Golden Age lasted until the mid-17th century, when in 1648 the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was ravaged by the Khmelnytsky Uprising, and Swedish invasion. During its Golden Age, the Commonwealth became one of the largest kingdoms of Europe, stretching from modern-day Estonia, to Moldavia and Silesia.".
- Polish_Golden_Age label "Polish Golden Age".
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs Sixc3xa8cle_dor_polonais.
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs Masa_Keemasan_Polandia.
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs Złoty_wiek_Polski.
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs m.028bsy.
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs Epoca_de_Aur_a_Poloniei.
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs Q3485791.
- Polish_Golden_Age sameAs Q3485791.
- Polish_Golden_Age wasDerivedFrom Polish_Golden_Age?oldid=682568711.
- Polish_Golden_Age depiction Potega_Rzeczypospolitej_u_zenitu_Zlota_wolnosc_Elekcja_1573.JPG.
- Polish_Golden_Age isPrimaryTopicOf Polish_Golden_Age.