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- Nod_factor abstract "Nodulation (Nod) factors are signaling molecules produced by bacteria known as rhizobia during the initiation of nodules on the root of legumes. A symbiosis is formed when legumes take up the bacteria. The rhizobia produce nitrogen for the plant, and the legumes produce leghemoglobin to carry away any oxygen that would inhibit nitrogenase activity.Nod factors structurally are lipochitooligosaccharides (LCOs) that consist of an acylated chitin oligomeric backbone with various functional group substitutions at the terminal or non-terminal residues. The number of N-acetylglucosamine molecules vary among Nod factors; however, generally the length of a chitin backbone is from 3 to 5. The exact chemical structure of the Nod factor that is recognised by the plant varies between bacterial species and is the basis for host–symbiont specificity. Nod factors are recognized by a specific class of receptor kinases that have so-called LysM domains in their extracellular domains. The two LysM (lysin motif) receptor kinases (NFR1 and NFR5) that appear to make up the Nod factor receptor were first isolated in the model legume Lotus japonicus in 2003. They now have been isolated also from soybean and the model legume Medicago truncatula. NFR5 lacks the classical activation loop in the kinase domain. The NFR5 gene lacks introns.Nod gene expression is induced by the presence of certain flavonoids in the soil, which are secreted by the plant to attract the bacteria. These chemicals induce the formation of NodD, which in turn activates other genes involved in the expression of nod factors and their secretion into the soil. Nod factors induce root-hair curling such that it envelops the bacterium. This is followed by the localized breakdown of the cell wall and the invagination of the plant cell membrane, allowing the bacterium to form an infection thread and enter the root hair. The end result is the nodule, the structure in which nitrogen is fixed. Nod factors act by inducing changes in gene expression in the legume, most notable the nodulin genes, which are needed for nodule organogenesis.At least three plant genes which are stimulated by Nod factors are also involved in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. The addition of certain Nod factors enhances arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization, indicating that the two very different symbioses may share some common mechanisms.".
- Nod_factor thumbnail NodSm-IV_(Ac,C16-2,S).svg?width=300.
- Nod_factor wikiPageID "1030916".
- Nod_factor wikiPageLength "3875".
- Nod_factor wikiPageOutDegree "29".
- Nod_factor wikiPageRevisionID "594240701".
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Acylation.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Arbuscular_mycorrhiza.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Bacteria.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Category:Legumes.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Category:Oligosaccharides.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Category:Plant_physiology.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Category:Signal_transduction.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Cell_signaling.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Chitin.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Flavonoid.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Functional_group.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Intron.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Kinase.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Kinase_domain.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Leghemoglobin.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Legume.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Lotus_japonicus.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink LysM.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Medicago_truncatula.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Model_organism.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink NFR1.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink NFR5.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Nitrogenase.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Protein_domain.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Receptor_(biochemistry).
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Rhizobia.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Root_nodule.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Signaling_molecule.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink Soybean.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLink File:NodSm-IV_(Ac,C16-2,S).svg.
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLinkText "Nod factor".
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLinkText "nod factor".
- Nod_factor wikiPageWikiLinkText "nodulation factor".
- Nod_factor hasPhotoCollection Nod_factor.
- Nod_factor wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Nod_factor subject Category:Legumes.
- Nod_factor subject Category:Oligosaccharides.
- Nod_factor subject Category:Plant_physiology.
- Nod_factor subject Category:Signal_transduction.
- Nod_factor hypernym Molecules.
- Nod_factor type Protein.
- Nod_factor type Carbohydrate.
- Nod_factor type Oligosaccharide.
- Nod_factor comment "Nodulation (Nod) factors are signaling molecules produced by bacteria known as rhizobia during the initiation of nodules on the root of legumes. A symbiosis is formed when legumes take up the bacteria.".
- Nod_factor label "Nod factor".
- Nod_factor sameAs Nodfaktor.
- Nod_factor sameAs Factores_NOD.
- Nod_factor sameAs Facteur_nod.
- Nod_factor sameAs Factor_Nod.
- Nod_factor sameAs ノッド因子.
- Nod_factor sameAs Czynnik_Nod.
- Nod_factor sameAs m.03_vmt.
- Nod_factor sameAs Q3064197.
- Nod_factor sameAs Q3064197.
- Nod_factor wasDerivedFrom Nod_factor?oldid=594240701.
- Nod_factor depiction NodSm-IV_(Ac,C16-2,S).svg.
- Nod_factor isPrimaryTopicOf Nod_factor.