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- Metallum_Martis abstract "Metallum Martis, a 1665 book by Dud Dudley, is the earliest known reference to the use of coal in metallurgical smelting. The book is also referred to as Iron made with Pit-Coale, Sea-Coale, &c. And with the same Fuell to Melt and Fine Imperfect Mettals, And Refine perfect Mettals.Many attendant difficulties had to be overcome before this fuel could be applied to the purpose of smelting iron. Dudley does not describe in his book how he was using coal, only that he was. In so doing, he described his use successively of an ironworks on Pensnett Chase and at Cradley, of a furnace at Himley, and of a furnace at Hasco Bridge near Gornal.Dudley does mention several things that indicate what he was doing. The coal he used was the small pieces and slack which were "little or of no use in that inland country" and so brought in no money. This coal debris was left in heaps and "crowded moist slack heat naturally, and kindle in the middle of these great heaps, often sets the coal works on fire" and that "Also from these sulphurous heaps, mixed with ironstone (for out of many of the same pits is gotten much ironstone or mine), the fires heating vast quantities of water, passing through these soughs or adits becometh as hot as the bath at Bath". Dudley describes two rival attempts to smelt iron with coal instigated by supporters of Parliament during the Civil War and the Interregnum. Dudley visited both sites and having examined their furnaces and production methods, when asked his opinion, informed the proprietors that they would fail. The first attempt was by Captain Buck, with the backing of many parliamentary officers including Oliver Cromwell, with technical help from Edward Dagney, an Italian. In the second attempt in the late 1656–67 by Captain John Copley also failed despite Dudley, at no charge, improving the efficiency of Copley's bellows. Dudley reapplied for a patent from Charles II, in 1660 stating "and seeing no man able to perform the mastery of making of iron with pit-coal or sea-coal, ... [without my] laudable inventions the author was, and is, unwilling [that they] should fall to the ground and die with him".A significant feature of his great work Metallum Martis is a map showing Dudley Castle where he correctly identifies the order and geographic layout of strata of coal and ironstone under survey.Considered to be the earliest of recorded geologic maps, Metallum Martis marks a turning point in the evolution of scientific rationale concerning the recording and interpretation of geological information. It is considered to have been made at Castle Hill in Dudley by Dud Dudley in 1665.".
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageExternalLink duddudleysmetta01dudlgoog.
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- Metallum_Martis wikiPageID "716975".
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageLength "3938".
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageOutDegree "22".
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageRevisionID "681636548".
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Bath,_Somerset.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Book.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Category:1665_books.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Category:Theories.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Coal.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Cradley,_West_Midlands.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Dud_Dudley.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Dudley_Castle.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink English_Civil_War.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Fuel.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Geologic_map.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Geology.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Gornal,_West_Midlands.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Himley_Hall.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Interregnum_(England).
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Iron.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Ironstone.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Metallurgical.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Metallurgy.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Pensnett_Chase.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Smelting.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLink Stratum.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageWikiLinkText "Metallum Martis".
- Metallum_Martis hasPhotoCollection Metallum_Martis.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation.
- Metallum_Martis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Metallum_Martis subject Category:1665_books.
- Metallum_Martis subject Category:Theories.
- Metallum_Martis type Book.
- Metallum_Martis type Work.
- Metallum_Martis type Book.
- Metallum_Martis type Concept.
- Metallum_Martis type Theory.
- Metallum_Martis type Work.
- Metallum_Martis comment "Metallum Martis, a 1665 book by Dud Dudley, is the earliest known reference to the use of coal in metallurgical smelting. The book is also referred to as Iron made with Pit-Coale, Sea-Coale, &c. And with the same Fuell to Melt and Fine Imperfect Mettals, And Refine perfect Mettals.Many attendant difficulties had to be overcome before this fuel could be applied to the purpose of smelting iron. Dudley does not describe in his book how he was using coal, only that he was.".
- Metallum_Martis label "Metallum Martis".
- Metallum_Martis sameAs m.035c2w.
- Metallum_Martis sameAs Q6822918.
- Metallum_Martis sameAs Q6822918.
- Metallum_Martis wasDerivedFrom Metallum_Martis?oldid=681636548.
- Metallum_Martis isPrimaryTopicOf Metallum_Martis.