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- Mastoparan abstract "Mastoparan is a peptide toxin from wasp venom. It has the chemical structure Ile-Asn-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Leu-Ala-Lys-Lys-Ile-Leu-NH2.The net effect of mastoparan's mode of action depends on cell type, but seemingly always involves exocytosis. In mast cells, this takes the form of histamine secretion, while in platelets and chromaffin cells release serotonin and catecholamines are found, respectively. Mastoparan activity in the anterior pituitary gland leads to prolactin release.In the case of histamine secretion, the effect of mastoparan takes place via its interference with G protein activity. By stimulating the GTPase activity of certain subunits, mastoparan shortens the lifespan of active G protein. At the same time, it promotes dissociation of any bound GDP from the protein, enhancing GTP binding. In effect, the GTP turnover of G proteins is greatly increased by mastoparan. These properties of the toxin follow from the fact that it structurally resembles activated G protein receptors when placed in a phospholipid environment. The resultant G protein-mediated signaling cascade leads to intracellular IP3 release and the resultant influx of Ca2+.In an experimental study conducted by Tsutomu Higashijima and his counterparts, mastoparan was compared to melittin, which is found in bee venom. Mainly, the structure and reaction to phosphate was studied in each toxin. Using Circular Dichroism (CD), it was found that when mastoparan was exposed to methanol, an alpha helical form existed. It was concluded that strong intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurred. Also, two negative bands were present on the CD spectrum. In an aqueous environment, mastoparan took on a nonhelical, unordered form. In this case, only one negative band was observed on the CD spectrum. Adding phosphate buffer to mastoparan resulted in no effect.Melittin produced a different conformational change than mastoparan. In an aqueous solution, melittin went from a nonhelical form to an alpha helix when phosphate was added to the solution. The binding of melittin to the membrane was believed to result from electrostatic interactions, not hydrophobic interactions.".
- Mastoparan symbol "Mastoparan_2".
- Mastoparan thumbnail Mastoparan.png?width=300.
- Mastoparan wikiPageID "15038236".
- Mastoparan wikiPageLength "3639".
- Mastoparan wikiPageOutDegree "24".
- Mastoparan wikiPageRevisionID "648655574".
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Calcium_in_biology.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Catecholamine.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Catecholamines.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Category:Invertebrate_toxins.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Chromaffin_cell.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Chromaffin_cells.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Circular_Dichroism.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Circular_dichroism.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Electrostatic_interactions.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Electrostatics.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Exocytosis.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink GTPase.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink G_protein.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Guanosine_diphosphate.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Guanosine_triphosphate.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Histamine.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Inositol_trisphosphate.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Mast_cell.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Mast_cells.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Melittin.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Peptide.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Phospholipid.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Pituitary_gland.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Platelet.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Platelets.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Prolactin.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Serotonin.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Venom.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Vespa_simillima.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLink Wasp.
- Mastoparan wikiPageWikiLinkText "mastoparan".
- Mastoparan caption "Solution structure of mastoparan from Vespa simillima xanthoptera.".
- Mastoparan hasPhotoCollection Mastoparan.
- Mastoparan interpro "IPR013214".
- Mastoparan name "Mastoparan".
- Mastoparan opmFamily "160".
- Mastoparan opmProtein "2".
- Mastoparan pfam "PF08251".
- Mastoparan symbol "Mastoparan_2".
- Mastoparan tcdb "1".
- Mastoparan wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Biochemistry-stub.
- Mastoparan wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Pfam_box.
- Mastoparan wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Mastoparan subject Category:Invertebrate_toxins.
- Mastoparan hypernym Toxin.
- Mastoparan type Biomolecule.
- Mastoparan type ChemicalCompound.
- Mastoparan type Protein.
- Mastoparan type Chemical.
- Mastoparan type Toxin.
- Mastoparan type Thing.
- Mastoparan type Q206229.
- Mastoparan type Q8054.
- Mastoparan comment "Mastoparan is a peptide toxin from wasp venom. It has the chemical structure Ile-Asn-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Leu-Ala-Lys-Lys-Ile-Leu-NH2.The net effect of mastoparan's mode of action depends on cell type, but seemingly always involves exocytosis. In mast cells, this takes the form of histamine secretion, while in platelets and chromaffin cells release serotonin and catecholamines are found, respectively.".
- Mastoparan label "Mastoparan".
- Mastoparan sameAs m.03h5jbc.
- Mastoparan sameAs Q6785599.
- Mastoparan sameAs Q6785599.
- Mastoparan wasDerivedFrom Mastoparan?oldid=648655574.
- Mastoparan depiction Mastoparan.png.
- Mastoparan isPrimaryTopicOf Mastoparan.