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- Malpas_Tunnel abstract "The Malpas tunnel was excavated in 1679 under the hill d'Ensérune in Hérault, allowing the passage of the Canal du Midi. It was Europe's first navigable canal tunnel and a monument to the determination of Pierre-Paul Riquet, the chief engineer. It is located in the commune of Nissan-lez-Ensérune. The Oppidum d'Ensérune is located on the surface a short distance from the tunnel.There was great disappointment when the works reached the hill d'Ensérune. A few metres of digging in hard rock revealed a very brittle sandstone subject to slippage. Colbert, the prime minister, halted the works when he was made aware of the situation. The portal was blocked and the workings re-sited. Riquet's detractors took advantage of this situation to impede the project. Colbert announced that he would send royal commissioners to decide the canal's future. The advice of the Chevalier de Clerville, architect to Louis XIV, was to cross the River Aude rather than tunnel through the hill. Riquet, however, maintained his preference for a tunnel because of the extra problems that crossing the Aude would create. Riquet's response was to ask his master mason, Pascal de Nissan, to continue tunneling in secret despite the risk of collapse. In less than eight days the tunnel was complete with a concrete ceiling throughout. The tunnel is 165m long with an arch 8m above the canal's surface, and removed the necessity for an extra lock.By the time the Malpas Tunnel was excavated in the seventeenth century, the hill had already for several centuries been the site of a tunnel, dug in the Middle Ages, to drain the Étang de Montady. This pre-existing tunnel is said to have been Riquet's inspiration for the Malpas Tunnel. In the nineteenth century, a third tunnel was excavated, passing through the Hill d'Ensérune beneath the Malpas tunnel to house the Béziers to Narbonne railway line.".
- Malpas_Tunnel thumbnail TunnelduMalpas.jpg?width=300.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageExternalLink malpas.htm.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageExternalLink Malpas.php.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageExternalLink malpas.html.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageExternalLink Tunnel-de-Malpas.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageID "14018236".
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageLength "3124".
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageOutDegree "22".
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageRevisionID "570505826".
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Aude_(river).
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Aude_River.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Béziers.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Canal_du_Midi.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Canal_tunnel.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Canal_du_Midi.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Canal_tunnels_in_France.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Category:Tunnels_completed_in_1679.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Chevalier_de_Clerville.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Communes_of_France.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Hérault.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Baptiste_Colbert.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Lock_(water_transport).
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Louis_Nicolas_de_Clerville.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Louis_XIV.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Louis_XIV_of_France.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Narbonne.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Nissan-lez-Enserune.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Nissan-lez-Ensérune.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Oppidum_dEnsxc3xa9rune.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Pierre-Paul_Riquet.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Rove_Tunnel.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Tunnel-canal.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink Étang_de_Montady.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLink File:TunnelduMalpas.jpg.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageWikiLinkText "Malpas Tunnel".
- Malpas_Tunnel hasPhotoCollection Malpas_Tunnel.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Coord.
- Malpas_Tunnel wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Malpas_Tunnel subject Category:Canal_du_Midi.
- Malpas_Tunnel subject Category:Canal_tunnels_in_France.
- Malpas_Tunnel subject Category:Tunnels_completed_in_1679.
- Malpas_Tunnel point "43.30722222222222 3.1266666666666665".
- Malpas_Tunnel type SpatialThing.
- Malpas_Tunnel comment "The Malpas tunnel was excavated in 1679 under the hill d'Ensérune in Hérault, allowing the passage of the Canal du Midi. It was Europe's first navigable canal tunnel and a monument to the determination of Pierre-Paul Riquet, the chief engineer. It is located in the commune of Nissan-lez-Ensérune. The Oppidum d'Ensérune is located on the surface a short distance from the tunnel.There was great disappointment when the works reached the hill d'Ensérune.".
- Malpas_Tunnel label "Malpas Tunnel".
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Túnel_de_Malpas.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Tunnel_de_Malpas.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Tunnel_di_Malpas.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Tunnel_van_Malpas.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Tunèl_de_Malpàs.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs m.03cr2zq.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Canalul_tunel_Malpas.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Q2423646.
- Malpas_Tunnel sameAs Q2423646.
- Malpas_Tunnel lat "43.30722222222222".
- Malpas_Tunnel long "3.1266666666666665".
- Malpas_Tunnel wasDerivedFrom Malpas_Tunnel?oldid=570505826.
- Malpas_Tunnel depiction TunnelduMalpas.jpg.
- Malpas_Tunnel isPrimaryTopicOf Malpas_Tunnel.