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- Liver_of_Piacenza abstract "The Liver of Piacenza is an Etruscan artifact found in a field on September 26, 1877, near Gossolengo, in the province of Piacenza, Italy, now kept in the Municipal Museum of Piacenza, in the Palazzo Farnese.It is a life-sized bronze model of a sheep's liver covered in Etruscan inscriptions (TLE 719), measuring 126 mm by 76 mm by 60 mm and dated to the late 2nd century BC, i.e. a time when the Piacenza region would already have been Latin-dominated (Piacenza was founded in 218 BC as a Roman garrison town in Cisalpine Gaul).The liver is subdivided into sections for the purposes of performing haruspicy (hepatoscopy); the sections are inscribed with names of individual Etruscan deities.The Piacenza liver is a striking conceptual parallel to clay models of sheep's livers known from the Ancient Near East, reinforcing the evidence of a connection (be it by migration or mere cultural contact) between the Etruscans and the Anatolian cultural sphere. A Babylonian clay model of a sheep's liver dated to the Middle Bronze Age is preserved in the British Museum (ME 92668).The Piacenza liver parallels the Babylonian artefact by representing the major anatomical features the gall bladder, caudate lobe and posterior vena cava, of the liver as sculpted protrusions.The outer rim of the Piacenza liver is divided into 16 sections; since according to the testimony of Pliny and Cicero, the Etruscan divided the heavens into 16 astrological houses, it has been suggested that the liver is supposed to represent a model of the cosmos, and its parts should be identified as constellations or astrological signs. Each of the 16 houses was the "dwelling place" of an individual deity. Seers would e.g. draw conclusions from the direction in which lightning was seen. Lightning in the east was auspicious, lightning in the west inauspicious (Pliny 2.143f.). Stevens (2009) surmises that Tin, the main god of lightning, had his dwelling due north, as lightning in the north-east was most lucky, lightning in the north-west most unlucky, while lightning in the southern half of the compass was not as strong an omen (Servius ad. Aen. 2.693).The theonyms are abbreviated and in many cases, the reading even of the abbreviation is disputed. As a result, there is a consensus for the interpretation of individual names only in a small number of cases. The reading given below is that of Morandi (1991) unless otherwise indicated:circumference:1. tin[ia] /cil/en 2. tin[ia]/θvf[vlθas] 3. tins/θneθ 4. uni/mae uni/ea (Juno?) 5. tec/vm (Terra)6. lvsl 7. neθ[uns] (Neptunus)8. caθ[a] (Luna?)9. fuflu/ns (Bacchus)10. selva (Silvanus)11. leθns 12. tluscv 13. celsc 14. cvl alp 15. vetisl (Veiovis?)16. cilensl interior:17. tur[an] (Venus)18. leθn (as no. 11)19. la/sl (Lares?)20. tins/θvf[vlθas] (as no. 2)21. θufl/θas 22. tins/neθ (as no. 3?)23. caθa (as no. 8)24. fuf/lus (as no. 9)25. θvnθ(?) 26. marisl/latr 27. leta (Leda)28. neθ (as no. 7)29. herc[le] (Hercules)30. mar[is] (Mars)31. selva (as no. 10)32. leθa[m]33. tlusc (as no. 12)34. lvsl/velch 35. satr/es (Saturnus)36. cilen (as no. 16)37. leθam (as no. 32)38. meθlvmθ39. mar[is] (as no. 30)40. tlusc (as no. 12)Two words are on the bottom side of the artefact:1. tivs (or tivr "Moon"?[1])2. usils↑ ↑ ↑".
- Liver_of_Piacenza thumbnail Piacenza_Bronzeleber.jpg?width=300.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageExternalLink piacenza-liver-and-transliteration.html.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageExternalLink Lingua%20Etrusca.pdf.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageID "12003991".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageLength "5540".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageOutDegree "54".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageRevisionID "637357291".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Anatolian_languages.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Ancient_Near_East.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Astrological_house.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Bacchus.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Bronze_Age.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Category:Etruscan_artefacts.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Category:Etruscan_inscriptions.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Category:Etruscan_mythology.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Category:Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Caudate_lobe_of_liver.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Cicero.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Cilens.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Cisalpine_Gaul.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Dionysus.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Etruscan_civilization.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Etruscan_deities.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Etruscan_language.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Etruscan_mythology.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Etruscan_origins.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Etruscan_religion.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Fufluns.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Gall_bladder.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Gallbladder.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Gossolengo.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Haruspex.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Haruspicy.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Hercle.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Hercules.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink House_(astrology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Inferior_vena_cava.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Juno_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink L.B._Van_der_Meer.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink L._Bouke_van_der_Meer.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Lares.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Leda_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Leinth.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Lightning.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Etruscan_mythological_figures.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Macrocosm_and_microcosm.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Maris_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Mars_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Maurus_Servius_Honoratus.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Microcosm_and_macrocosm.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Middle_Bronze_Age.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Neptune_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Nethuns.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Palazzo_Farnese,_Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Palazzo_Farnese_(Piacenza).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Pliny_the_Elder.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Province_of_Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Roman_conquest_of_Italy.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Satre_(Etruscan_god).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Saturn_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Selvans.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Silvanus_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Terra_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Thesaurus_Linguae_Etruscae.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Tinia.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Turan_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Uni_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Veiovis.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Vejovis.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink Venus_(mythology).
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLink File:Piacenza_Bronzeleber.jpg.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLinkText "Liver of Piacenza".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLinkText "Piacenza liver".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLinkText "liver of Piacenza".
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageWikiLinkText "model of a liver".
- Liver_of_Piacenza hasPhotoCollection Liver_of_Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Etruscans.
- Liver_of_Piacenza wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Liver_of_Piacenza subject Category:Etruscan_artefacts.
- Liver_of_Piacenza subject Category:Etruscan_inscriptions.
- Liver_of_Piacenza subject Category:Etruscan_mythology.
- Liver_of_Piacenza subject Category:Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza hypernym Artifact.
- Liver_of_Piacenza type Work.
- Liver_of_Piacenza type Artifact.
- Liver_of_Piacenza type Etruscan.
- Liver_of_Piacenza comment "The Liver of Piacenza is an Etruscan artifact found in a field on September 26, 1877, near Gossolengo, in the province of Piacenza, Italy, now kept in the Municipal Museum of Piacenza, in the Palazzo Farnese.It is a life-sized bronze model of a sheep's liver covered in Etruscan inscriptions (TLE 719), measuring 126 mm by 76 mm by 60 mm and dated to the late 2nd century BC, i.e.".
- Liver_of_Piacenza label "Liver of Piacenza".
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Harúspex_de_Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs کبد_پیاسنزا.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Foie_de_Plaisance.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Fegato_di_Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Iecur_Placentinum.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Levermodel_van_Piacenza.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Wątroba_z_Piacenzy.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Fígado_de_Placência.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs m.02vlm6c.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Печень_из_Пьяченцы.
- Liver_of_Piacenza sameAs Q776429.