Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses> ?p ?o }
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses abstract "The first whitewater slalom race took place on the Aar River in Switzerland in 1933. The early slalom courses were all set in natural rivers, but when whitewater slalom became an Olympic sport for the first time, at the 1972 Munich Games, the venue was the world's first concrete-channel artificial whitewater course, the Eiskanal in Augsburg. All Olympic whitewater slalom competitions have taken place in artificial courses, which now exist in 16 countries on five continents.Streambed slalom courses still outnumber concrete channels, but most international competition takes place in the more controlled environment of an artificial course. The standard parameters for such a course, patterned on the Olympic model, are a length of about 300 meters, a slope of 2% (20 m/km, or 105 ft/mi), and a flow rate of 17 cubic metres per second (600 cu ft/s). Within those parameters, designs vary. Water diversion features can be natural rocks, shaped concrete boulders and wing dams, plastic bollards, wooden dams, or truck tires. Channel walls can be straight or slanted, and smooth or cobbled. The floor of the channel may have raised turbulence generators to slow the water speed. The course may be a single straight channel, parallel channels, one or more loops, or a figure-8.Water can be supplied by diversion from a nearby river, tidal current, electric pumps, or a combination. The expense of operation is largely dependent on the water source. A single channel on the Olympic model — a 6-meter drop at 17 m³/s — represents one megawatt of energy, either supplied by pumps or sacrificed in the case of diversion around a hydroelectric generator. Ironically, diversion is often more expensive than pumping if the diverted water would have made a bigger drop inside the hydroelectric facility. The extreme example of this is the Ocoee Whitewater Center where water must bypass a 96-meter drop in a dam, tunnel, and penstock, in order to water the 9-meter drop of the whitewater course.Most artificial whitewater courses cover their operating costs by charging passengers for guided raft rides. Canoe and kayak slalom training and competition do not generate enough revenue.The four riverbed courses on this list are all extensively engineered and used for major competitions. Ocoee is no longer used for slalom, but it was the 1996 Olympic venue. The other courses on the list have concrete channels, often built in former industrial canals or mill races. Every city that hosts a summer Olympics is now expected to build a spectacular new whitewater stadium, usually powered by electric pumps. The Lee Valley White Water Centre, constructed for four days' use in the London 2012 Summer Olympics, cost £31million.In the table below, the location of each facility for which there is no Wikipedia article is noted in the Comment column. If the facility is more than two years old, there is often a good satellite or aerial (bird's eye) picture available via the link.".
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageID "22848435".
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageLength "25798".
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageOutDegree "191".
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageRevisionID "679827524".
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink 1972_Summer_Olympics.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink 2012_Summer_Olympics.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Aar_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Aare.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Adventure_Sports_Center_International.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Afon_Tryweryn.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Al_Ain.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ardèche_(river).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ardèche_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Artificial_whitewater.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Athens.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Auckland.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Auckland,_New_Zealand.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Augsburg.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Augsburg_Eiskanal.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Bala,_Gwynedd.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Bedford.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Bourg-Saint-Maurice.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Bratislava.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Canoe_Meadows_Race_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Canolfan_Tryweryn.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cardiff.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cardiff_International_White_Water.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cardington_Artificial_Slalom_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Catawba_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Category:Artificial_whitewater_courses.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Category:Lists_of_sports_venues.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cergy.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cergy_Whitewater_Stadium.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ceske_Vrbne_Slalom_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cesson-Sévigné.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cesson-Sévigné_Whitewater_Stadium.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Chaobai_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Charlotte,_North_Carolina.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cher_(river).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cher_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Châteauneuf-sur-Cher.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Cranebrook,_New_South_Wales.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Danube.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Danube_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Deep_Creek_Lake.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Dickerson,_Maryland.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Dickerson_Whitewater_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Dora_Baltea.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ducktown,_Tennessee.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Durance.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Dutch_Water_Dreams.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink East_Race_Waterway.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ebro.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ebro_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Eiskanal.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Elbe.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Evinos.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Evinos_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Evinos_River_Slalom_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Expo_2008.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Foz_do_Iguaçu.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Gave_de_Pau.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Gulf_of_Athens.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Gull_River_(Balsam_Lake).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Gull_River_Whitewater_Park.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kayak_Slalom_Centre.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kayak_Slalom_Centre.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Holme_Pierrepont_National_Watersports_Centre.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Huningue.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Isle_de_la_Serre.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Isère_(river).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Itaipu_Dam.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Itaipu_Slalom_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ivrea.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ivrea_Whitewater_Stadium.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kananaskis,_Alberta_(community).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kananaskis_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kanupark_Markkleeberg.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Krakow-Kolna_Canoe_Slalom_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kraków.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Kraków-Kolna_Canoe_Slalom_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink LArgentixc3xa8re-la-Bessxc3xa9e.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink La_Seu_dUrgell.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Lannion.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Lannion_Whitewater_Stadium.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Lech_(river).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Lech_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Lee_Valley_White_Water_Centre.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Leipzig.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Liptovský_Mikuláš.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Ljubljana.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Llyn_Celyn.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Markkleeberger_See.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink McHenry,_Maryland.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Meurthe_(river).
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Meurthe_River.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Millau.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Millau_Whitewater_Course.
- List_of_artificial_whitewater_courses wikiPageWikiLink Minden,_Ontario.