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- Laws_of_Eshnunna abstract "The Laws of Eshnunna (abrv. LE) are inscribed on two cuneiform tablets discovered in Tell Abū Harmal, Baghdad, Iraq. The Iraqi Directorate of Antiquities headed by Taha Baqir unearthed two parallel sets of tablets in 1945 and 1947. The two tablets are separate copies of an older source and date back to ca. 1930 BC. The differences between the Code of Hammurabi and the Laws of Eshnunna significantly contributed to illuminating the development of ancient and cuneiform law. Eshnunna was north of Ur on the Tigris River and became politically important after the fall of the third dynasty of Ur, founded by Ur-Nammu. In distinction from the other Mesopotamian collections of law, this one got its name after the city where it had originated – Eshnunna, located on the bank of the Diyala River, tributary to the Tigris. This collection of laws is not a real systemized codex; nearly sixty of its sections are preserved. The Laws are written in Akkadian and consist of two tablets which are marked with A and B. In 1948, Albrecht Goetze of the Yale University had translated and published them. In some sources the Laws of Eshnunna are mentioned as the Laws of Bilalama due to the belief that the Eshnunnian ruler probably was their originator, but Goetze maintained that tablet B was originated under the reign of Dadusha. The text of the prologue is broken at the point where the ruler who promulgated the laws was specified.Albrecht Goetze has noticed the specific style of expression. The laws were composed in a mode that facilitated memorizing. A distinguished Israeli scientist and one of the foremost experts on this collection of laws, Reuven Yaron of the University of Jerusalem concerning this matter stated: “What matters to me – and might have mattered to those who fashioned them almost 4000 years ago – is the ease of remembering the text.”The conditional sentence (“If A then B” – as it also is the case with the other Mesopotamian laws) is an attribute of this codification. In 23 paragraphs, it appears in the form šumma awilum – “If a man…” After the disposition, a precise sanction follows, e.g. LU42(A): “If a man bit and severed the nose of a man, one mina silver he shall weigh out.”The Laws clearly show signs of social stratification, mainly focussing on two different classes: the muškenum and awilum. The audience of the Laws of Eshnunna is more extensive than in the case of the earlier cuneiform codifications: awilum – free men and women (mar awilim and marat awilim), muškenum, wife (aššatum), son (maru), slaves of both sexes – male (wardum) and female (amtum) – which are not only objects of law as in classical slavery, and delicts where the victims were slaves have been sanctioned, and other class designations as ubarum, apþarum, mudum that are not ascertained.Reuven Yaron has divided the offences of the Laws of Eshnunna into five groups. The articles of the first group had to be collected from all over the Laws and the articles of the other four were roughly ordered one after the other:1. Theft and related offences,2. False distraint,3. Sexual offences,4. Bodily injuries,5. Damages caused by a goring ox and comparable cases.The majority of these offences were penalized with pecuniary fines (an amount of silver), but some serious offences such as burglary, murder, and sexual offences were penalized with death. It seems that the capital punishment was avoidable (in contrast to the Code of Hammurabi), because of the standard formulation: “It is a case of life … he shall die”.".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageExternalLink 00000071.htm.
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- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageOutDegree "53".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageRevisionID "668407582".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Akkadian_Empire.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Akkadian_language.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Albrecht_Goetze.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Awilum.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Baghdad.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Bilalama.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Capital_punishment.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Ancient_Near_East_law.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Babylonia.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Codes_of_conduct.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Legal_codes.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Manuscripts.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Code_of_Hammurabi.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Code_of_Ur-Nammu.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Codex.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Cuneiform.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Cuneiform_law.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Cuneiform_script.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Dadusha.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Distraint.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Diyala_River.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Eshnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Injury.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Iraq.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Lacuna_(manuscript).
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Lacuna_(manuscripts).
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Lipit-Ishtar.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink List_of_ancient_legal_codes.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Mesopotamia.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Muškenum.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Prologue.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Reuven_Yaron.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Sex_and_the_law.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Shaduppum.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Social_stratification.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Taha_Baqir.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Theft.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Tigris.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink University_of_Jerusalem.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Ur.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Ur-Nammu.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLink Yale_University.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLinkText "Akkadian law code".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLinkText "Codex of Eshnunna".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLinkText "Laws of Eshnunna".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageWikiLinkText "Laws of the city of Eshnunna".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna hasPhotoCollection Laws_of_Eshnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna subject Category:Ancient_Near_East_law.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna subject Category:Babylonia.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna subject Category:Codes_of_conduct.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna subject Category:Legal_codes.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna subject Category:Manuscripts.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna type Work.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna type Charter.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna type Manuscript.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna type Object.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna type Work.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna type Thing.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna comment "The Laws of Eshnunna (abrv. LE) are inscribed on two cuneiform tablets discovered in Tell Abū Harmal, Baghdad, Iraq. The Iraqi Directorate of Antiquities headed by Taha Baqir unearthed two parallel sets of tablets in 1945 and 1947. The two tablets are separate copies of an older source and date back to ca. 1930 BC. The differences between the Code of Hammurabi and the Laws of Eshnunna significantly contributed to illuminating the development of ancient and cuneiform law.".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna label "Laws of Eshnunna".
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs የኤሽኑና_ሕግጋት.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Законник_на_Ешнуна.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Codex_Ešnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Leĝoj_de_Eŝnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Leyes_de_Ešnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Lois_dEshnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs חוקי_אשנונה.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Hukum_Eshnuna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs エシュヌンナ法典.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Código_de_Eshnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs m.04jkcn_.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Законы_из_Эшнунны.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Bộ_luật_Eshnunna.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Q953024.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs Q953024.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna sameAs 伊施嫩納法典.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna wasDerivedFrom Laws_of_Eshnunna?oldid=668407582.
- Laws_of_Eshnunna isPrimaryTopicOf Laws_of_Eshnunna.