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• Josephson_effect abstract "The Josephson effect is the phenomenon of supercurrent—i.e. a current that flows indefinitely long without any voltage applied—across a device known as a Josephson junction (JJ), which consists of two superconductors coupled by a weak link. The weak link can consist of a thin insulating barrier (known as a superconductor–insulator–superconductor junction, or S-I-S), a short section of non-superconducting metal (S-N-S), or a physical constriction that weakens the superconductivity at the point of contact (S-s-S). The Josephson effect is an example of a macroscopic quantum phenomenon. It is named after the British physicist Brian David Josephson, who predicted in 1962 the mathematical relationships for the current and voltage across the weak link. The DC Josephson effect had been seen in experiments prior to 1962, but had been attributed to "super-shorts" or breaches in the insulating barrier leading to the direct conduction of electrons between the superconductors. The first paper to claim the discovery of Josephson's effect, and to make the requisite experimental checks, was that of Philip Anderson and John Rowell. These authors were awarded patents on the effects that were never enforced, but never challenged.Before Josephson's prediction, it was only known that normal (i.e. non-superconducting) electrons can flow through an insulating barrier, by means of quantum tunneling. Josephson was the first to predict the tunneling of superconducting Cooper pairs. For this work, Josephson received the Nobel prize in physics in 1973. Josephson junctions have important applications in quantum-mechanical circuits, such as SQUIDs, superconducting qubits, and RSFQ digital electronics. The NIST standard for one volt is achieved by an array of 19,000 Josephson junctions in series.A Dayem bridge is a thin-film variant of the Josephson junction in which the weak link consists of a superconducting wire with dimensions on the scale of a few micrometres or less.".
• Josephson_effect thumbnail NISTvoltChip.jpg?width=300.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageID "446712".
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Andreev_reflection.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Argument_(complex_analysis).
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Astronomy.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Sensors.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Category:Superconductivity.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Charge-coupled_device.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Charge-coupled_devices.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Complex_argument.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Conjugate_variables.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Cooper_pair.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Flux_qubit.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink International_Bureau_of_Weights_and_Measures.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Josephson_constant.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Josephson_voltage_standard.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Macroscopic_quantum_phenomena.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Macroscopic_quantum_self-trapping.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Magnetic_flux_quantum.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Magnetometer.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Micrometre.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink NIST.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Philip_Warren_Anderson.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_Hall_effect.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_circuit.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_computer.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_computing.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_gyroscope.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_tunneling.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quantum_tunnelling.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Qubit.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Qubits.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Quiteron.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink RSFQ.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Rapid_single_flux_quantum.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink SHeQUID.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink SQUID.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Semifluxon.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Superconducting.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Superconducting_tunnel_junction.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Superconductivity.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Supercurrent.
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• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Thin-film.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Thin_film.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Tunnel_(quantum_mechanics).
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Varphi_Josephson_junction.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Volt.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Voltage.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink William_Herschel_Telescope.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink Zero-point_energy.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink File:I-V_characteristics_of_Josephson_Junction.JPG.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink File:NISTvoltChip.jpg.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLink File:Single_josephson_junction.svg.
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Josephson Junctions".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Josephson effect".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Josephson junction".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Josephson junctions".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Josephson relations".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "Josephson voltage standard".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "effect".
• Josephson_effect wikiPageWikiLinkText "equation".
• Josephson_effect hasPhotoCollection Josephson_effect.
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• Josephson_effect subject Category:Condensed_matter_physics.
• Josephson_effect subject Category:Josephson_effect.
• Josephson_effect subject Category:Mesoscopic_physics.
• Josephson_effect subject Category:Sensors.

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