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- Irish_republicanism abstract "Irish republicanism (Irish: Poblachtánachas Éireannach) is an ideology based on the belief that all of Ireland should be an independent republic. The development of nationalist and democratic sentiment throughout Europe in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was reflected in Ireland in the emergence of republicanism, in opposition to British rule. This followed hundreds of years of British conquest and Irish resistance through rebellion. Discrimination against Catholics and Non-comformists, attempts by the British administration to suppress Irish culture, and the belief that Ireland was economically disadvantaged as a result of the Act of Union were among the specific factors leading to such opposition.The Society of United Irishmen, formed in the 1780s and led primarily by liberal Protestants, evolved into a revolutionary republican organisation, inspired by the American Revolution and allied with Revolutionary France. It launched the 1798 Rebellion with the help of French troops. The rebellion had some success, especially in County Wexford, before it was suppressed. A second rising in 1803, led by Robert Emmet, was quickly put down, and Emmet was hanged. The Young Ireland movement, formed in the 1830s, was initially a part of the Repeal Association of Daniel O'Connell, but broke with O'Connell on the issue of the legitimacy of the use of violence. Primarily a political and cultural organisation, some members of Young Ireland staged an abortive rising, the Young Irelander Rebellion of 1848. Its leaders were transported to Van Diemen's Land. Some of these escaped to the United States, where they linked up with other Irish exiles to form the Fenian Brotherhood. Together with the Irish Republican Brotherhood, founded in Ireland by James Stephens and others in 1858, they made up a movement commonly known as "fenians" which was dedicated to the overthrow of British imperial rule in Ireland. They staged another rising, the Fenian Rising, in 1867, and a dynamite campaign in Great Britain in the 1880s.In the early 20th century IRB members, in particular Tom Clarke and Seán MacDermott, began planning another rising. The Easter Rising took place from 24 to 30 April 1916, when members of the Irish Volunteers and Irish Citizen Army seized the centre of Dublin, proclaimed a republic and held off British forces for almost a week. The execution of the Rising's leaders, including Clarke, MacDermott, Patrick Pearse and James Connolly, led to a surge of support for republicanism in Ireland. In 1917 the Sinn Féin party stated as its aim the "securing the international recognition of Ireland as an independent Irish Republic", and in the general election of 1918 Sinn Féin took 73 of the 105 Irish seats in the British House of Commons. The elected members did not take their seats but instead set up the First Dáil. Between 1919 and 1921 the Irish Republican Army (IRA), who were loyal to the Dáil, fought the British Army and Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) in the Irish War of Independence. Talks between the British and Irish in late 1921 led to a treaty by which the British conceded, not a 32-county Irish Republic, but a 26-county Irish Free State with Dominion status.The Free State became an independent constitutional monarchy following the Balfour Declaration of 1926 and the Statute of Westminster 1931 and formally became a republic with the passage of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948. That same year, the republican movement took the decision to focus on Northern Ireland thereafter. The Border Campaign, which lasted from 1956 to 1962, involved bombings and attacks on Royal Ulster Constabulary barracks. The failure of this campaign led the republican leadership to concentrate on political action, and to move to the left. Following the outbreak of The Troubles in 1968-9, the movement split between Officials (leftists) and Provisionals (traditionalists) at the beginning of 1970. Both sides were initially involved in an armed campaign against the British state, but the Officials gradually moved into mainstream politics after the Official IRA ceasefire of 1972; the associated "Official Sinn Féin" eventually renamed itself the Workers' Party. The Provisional IRA, except during brief ceasefires in 1972 and 1975, kept up a campaign of violence for nearly thirty years, directed against security forces and civilian targets (especially businesses). While the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) represented the nationalists of Northern Ireland in initiatives such as the 1973 Sunningdale Agreement, republicans took no part in these, believing that a withdrawal of British troops and a commitment to a United Ireland was a necessary precondition of any settlement. This began to change with a landmark speech by Danny Morrison in 1981, advocating what became known as the armalite and ballot box strategy. Under the leadership of Gerry Adams, Sinn Féin began to focus on the search for a political settlement. When the party voted in 1986 to take seats in legislative bodies within Ireland, there was a walk-out of die-hard republicans, who set up Republican Sinn Féin and the Continuity IRA. Following the Hume–Adams dialogue, Sinn Féin took part in the Northern Ireland peace process which led to the IRA ceasefires of 1994 and 1997 and the Good Friday Agreement of 1998. After elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly, republicans sat in government in Northern Ireland for the first time when Martin McGuinness and Bairbre de Brún were elected to the Northern Ireland Executive. However, another split occurred, with anti-Agreement republicans setting up the 32 County Sovereignty Movement and the Real IRA. Today, Irish republicanism is divided between those who support the institutions set up under the Good Friday Agreement and the later St Andrews Agreement, and those who oppose them. The latter are often referred to as "dissident" republicans.".
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageExternalLink counties.html.
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- Irish_republicanism wikiPageRevisionID "674725054".
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink 32_County_Sovereignty_Movement.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Abstentionism.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink African_American.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Afro-American.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Agrarianism.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Anglicanism.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Irish_Treaty.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Ard_Fheis.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Ardfheis.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink ArmaLite.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Armagh.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Armalite.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Armalite_and_ballot_box_strategy.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_Griffith.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Austin_Currie.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Auxiliary_Division.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Bairbre_de_Brún.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Balfour_Declaration_of_1926.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Dublin.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Fort_Erie_(1866).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Ridgeway.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Belfast.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Bernadette_Devlin.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Bernadette_Devlin_McAliskey.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Black_and_Tans.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Bloody_Sunday_(1920).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Blueshirts.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Border_Campaign_(IRA).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Border_Campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink British_Army.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink British_army.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Burning_of_Cork.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Campobello_Island.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Canada_under_British_Imperial_control.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Canada_under_British_rule.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Category:Celtic_nationalism.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Category:Irish_republicanism.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Category:Politics_of_Ireland.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Category:Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Category:Republicanism_by_country.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Cathal_Goulding.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Emancipation.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_emancipation.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Gavan_Duffy.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Kickham.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Civil_and_political_rights.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Civil_rights.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Commonwealth_of_Nations.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Confederate_Ireland.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Constitution_of_Ireland.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Constitutional_monarchy.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Continuity_Irish_Republican_Army.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Cork_(city).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Antrim.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Armagh.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Down.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Fermanagh.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Kildare.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Londonderry.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Tyrone.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink County_Wexford.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Cumann_na_nGaedheal.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_OConnell.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Danny_Morrison_(Irish_republican).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Danny_Morrison_(author).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink David_Lloyd_George.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink David_Trimble.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Defenders_(Ireland).
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Democratic_Unionist_Party.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Des_Dalton.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Direct_action.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Dissenter.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Dissident_republican.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Dominion.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Dublin.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Dublin_Castle.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Dáil_Éireann.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Easter_Rising.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Emmet_Monument_Association.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Eoin_ODuffy.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fenian.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fenian_Brotherhood.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fenian_Rising.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fenian_dynamite_campaign.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fenian_raids.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fianna.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fianna_Fáil.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink First_Dáil.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Flight_of_the_Earls.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fort_Erie.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Fort_Erie,_Ontario.
- Irish_republicanism wikiPageWikiLink Four_Courts.