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- Iberian_Union abstract "Iberian Union is the historical designation of the political union of the Crown of Portugal with the Spanish Crown - through a dynastic union, under the Spanish Habsburgs, after the War of the Portuguese Succession - that included all the Iberian Peninsula, the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire, from 1580 to 1640. Following the Portuguese crisis of succession, a dynastic union joined the crowns of Castile, Portugal and Aragon along with their respective colonial possessions, under the rule of the Hispanic monarchy. The Habsburg king was the only element of connection between the multiple kingdoms and territories. The governments, institutions, and legal traditions of each kingdom remained independent of each other. However, Portugal ultimately answered to the king, as did his other states and possessions in the Iberian Peninsula and elsewhere. The alien laws (Leyes de extranjeria) determined that the national of one kingdom was a foreigner in all the other Iberian kingdoms.The term Iberian union is a creation of modern historians, as is largely the use of the term Spain for the unified crowns previous to 1580. "Spain" was then only the physical geographical name of the whole Iberian Peninsula (just as "Italy" at the time referred to a peninsula, not a state). The word became more widespread as a state name due to its gradual use by the Crown, precisely because of the incorporation of Portugal. The unification of the peninsula had long been a goal of the region's monarchs with the intent of restoring the visigothic monarchy. Sancho III of Navarre and Alfonso VII of León and Castile both took the title Imperator totius Hispaniae, meaning "Emperor of All Hispania" centuries before. The history of Portugal from the dynastic crisis in 1578 to the first Braganza Dynasty monarchs was a period of transition. The Portuguese Empire's spice trade was peaking at the start of this period. It continued to enjoy widespread influence after Vasco da Gama had finally reached the East by sailing around Africa in 1497–98. Vasco da Gama's achievement completed the exploratory efforts inaugurated by Henry the Navigator, and opened an oceanic route for the profitable spice trade into Europe that bypassed the Middle East.Throughout the 17th century, the increasing predations and surrounding of Portuguese trading posts in the East by the Dutch, English and French, and their rapidly growing intrusion into the Atlantic slave trade, undermined Portugal's near monopoly on the lucrative oceanic spice and slave trades. This sent the Portuguese spice trade into a long decline. The diversion of wealth from Portugal by the Habsburg monarchy to support the Catholic side of the Thirty Years' War also created strains within the union, although Portugal did also benefit from Spanish military power in helping to retain Brazil and in disrupting Dutch trade. These events, and those that occurred at the end of Aviz dynasty and the period of Iberian Union, led Portugal to a state of dependency on its colonies, first India and then Brazil.".
- Iberian_Union thumbnail Full_Ornamented_Coat_of_Arms_of_Philip_II_of_Spain_(1580-1598).svg?width=300.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageExternalLink books?id=CyOz7z36GQgC&pg=RA1-PA348.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageExternalLink books?id=_w0kAPYQ5xMC&pg=PA443.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageExternalLink books?id=ylbW1HcUTfsC&pg=PA18.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageID "1646498".
- Iberian_Union wikiPageLength "28187".
- Iberian_Union wikiPageOutDegree "133".
- Iberian_Union wikiPageRevisionID "683777164".
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink 1580_Portuguese_succession_crisis.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Afonso_VI_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Africa.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Albert_VII,_Archduke_of_Austria.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Alfonso_VII_of_León_and_Castile.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Alien_(law).
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink António,_Prior_of_Crato.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Asia.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Atlantic_Ocean.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Atlantic_slave_trade.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Bahia.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Alcácer_Quibir.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Alcântara_(1580).
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Ameixial.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Castelo_Rodrigo.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Ksar_El_Kebir.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Montes_Claros.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Montijo.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Vilanova.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_the_Berlengas_(1666).
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_the_Lines_of_Elvas.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Bourgeoisie.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Braganza_Dynasty.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Cardinal_(Catholicism).
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Catalan_Revolt.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Catalonia.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Category:Iberian_Union.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Category:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_1640.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1580.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Catherine,_Duchess_of_Braganza.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Ceará.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Central_America.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Charles_II_of_Spain.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Cortes_Generales.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Council_of_Aragon.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Council_of_Castile.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Council_of_Italy.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Council_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Council_of_the_Indies.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Court_(royal).
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Crown_of_João_VI.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Crown_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Alba.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Dutch_West_India_Company.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Dynastic_union.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Elizabeth_I_of_England.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Elmina_Castle.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Emperor.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink England.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Fortification.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Fortress.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Forty_Conspirators.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink France.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Gaspar_de_Guzmán,_Count-Duke_of_Olivares.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Habsburg_Spain.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Henry,_King_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Henry_the_Navigator.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Hispania.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Gabon.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Spain.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink House_of_Aviz.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink House_of_Braganza.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Iberian_Federalism.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Iberian_Peninsula.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Imperator_totius_Hispaniae.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink India.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Indian_Ocean.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Infanta_Catarina,_Duchess_of_Braganza.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Italy.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Japan.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink John,_6th_Duke_of_Braganza.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink John_IV_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink John_Maurice,_Prince_of_Nassau-Siegen.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink João_I,_Duke_of_Braganza.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink King_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Lisbon.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Portuguese_monarchs.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Luanda.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Manuel_I_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Margaret_of_Savoy,_Vicereine_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Margarida_of_Savoy,_Vicereine_of_Portugal.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Middle_East.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Miguel_de_Vasconcelos.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Monarchy_of_Spain.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Netherlands.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Ormus.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Pacific_Ocean.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Paraíba.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Pernambuco.
- Iberian_Union wikiPageWikiLink Peter_II_of_Portugal.