Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/History_of_Bolivia_(1809–1920)> ?p ?o }
- History_of_Bolivia_(1809–1920) abstract "The invasion of the Iberian Peninsula in 1807-08 by Napoleon Bonaparte's forces proved critical to the independence struggle in South America.The local elites in Upper Peru mostly remained loyal to Spain, supporting Junta Central, a government in the name of the abdicated Ferdinand VII.A number of radical criollos in 1808 to 1810 began a local power struggle.Pedro Domingo Murillo led proclaimed an independent state in Upper Peru in the name of Ferdinand VII. During the following seven years, Upper Peru became the battleground for forces of the independent Argentine Republic and royalist troops from Peru. By 1817 Upper Peru was relatively quiet and under the control of Lima. After 1820 the Conservative Party criollos supported General Pedro Antonio de Olañeta, after the liberal revolution in Spain. Olañeta, convinced that these measures threatened royal authority, refused to join the royalist forces or the rebel armies under the command of Simón Bolívar and Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá. Olañeta did not relinquish his command even after the Peruvian royalists included him and his forces in the capitulation agreement following their defeat in the Battle of Ayacucho in 1824, the final battle of the wars of independence in Latin America. Olañeta continued his resistance until he was enventually killed by his own men on April 1, 1825.During the presidency of Marshal Andrés de Santa Cruz (1829-1839), Bolivia enjoyed the most successful period of her history with great social and economic advancement. Santa Cruz got involved in internal Peruvian political problems and succeeded in unifying Peru and Bolivia into the Peru–Bolivian Confederation. In the War of the Confederation, Chilean and Peruvian rebel armies were forced sign the peace treaty known as the Paucarpata Treaty, which included their unconditional surrender, but the Confederation was defeated in a new war in the Battle of Yungay (1839). This was the turning point in Bolivian history; after this moment, coups and short-lived constitutions dominated Bolivian politics for nearly 60 years.Going through a vicious economic and political crisis, Bolivia's military weakness was demonstrated during the War of the Pacific (1879–83), when it lost its seacoast and the adjoining nitrate rich fields to Chile. An increase in the world price of silver brought Bolivia a measure of relative prosperity and political stability in the late 1800s.During the early part of the 20th century, about 1907, tin replaced silver as the country's most important source of wealth. A succession of governments applied laissez-faire policies through the first third of the century.".
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