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- Guilhem_Figueira abstract "Guillem or Guilhem Figueira or Figera was a Languedocian jongleur and troubadour from Toulouse active at the court of the Emperor Frederick II in the 1230s. He was a close associate of both Aimery de Pégulhan and Guillem Augier Novella.The son of a tailor and a tailor by trade, as a result of the Albigensian Crusade, he was exiled from his homeland and took refuge in Lombardy, where he eventually made his way to Frederick's court. In Italy he and Aimery, a fellow exile, helped to found a troubadour tradition of lamentation for the "good old days" of pre-Crusade Languedoc. The exiles' native Lombard successors continued to employ the Occitan language, however, and it was not until the time of Dante Alighieri that Italian got a significant vernacular literature of its own.In 1228, Guilhem denied the efficacy of the crusade indulgence and blamed the death of "good" King Louis VIII, who died of dysentery at the siege of Avignon, on the false indulgence which had drawn him out of the safety of Paris. His most famous work, the sirventes contra Roma ("sirventes against Rome", actually entitled D'un sirventes far), was a strong reprimand for the papacy, its violent character probably engendered by the circumstances of its composition: Guilhem wrote it while he was in Toulouse besieged by the Crusaders in 1229. It was set to a famous hymn about the Virgin Mary and was therefore memorisable to the masses. A famous passage goes: Guilhem attacked the papacy not only for the Albigensian Crusade and the cruel sack of Béziers, but also for the failures of the Fourth and Fifth Crusades, papal imperialism, and the moral failings of the clergy. He alleged that avarice was the motive of the Crusades, which in his mind were directed only at the Greeks, fellow Christians. The singing of Figueira's sirventes was outlawed by the Inquisition in Toulouse, though the 1274 inquisition which condemned a burgher of Toulouse on the basis of knowing the Roma tricharitz does not refer to the third stanza of Guilhem's sirventes, but to a vernacular work called La Bible. On the basis of his language, such as the use of matrem fornicationem (mother of fornication) to describe Rome, even modern scholars have labelled him a heretic.Guilhem fled to Italy in 1229 or 1230. In Italy, Guilhem was free to criticise the Papacy and the Crusade however much and in whatever way he pleased. He attacked the Pope for his Crusade against Frederick, his new protector, and encouraged peace in Christendom in order to help the Crusades abroad in the Holy Land. In an earlier work, Totz hom qui ben comensa e ben fenis, dated to 1215–1220, he had encouraged Frederick's decision to take up the Cross in the Holy Land.Among Guilhem's other surviving works are the sirventes Nom laissarai per paor (post-1216), which criticises the Church's false preaching, and Del preveire maior, which urges the pope and emperor to make peace and send a force to save the Holy Land from the Khwarezmians who had taken Jerusalem (1244).".
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- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageRevisionID "676300497".
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Aimeric_de_Peguilhan.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Aimery_de_Pégulhan.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Albigensian_Crusade.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Avignon.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Béziers.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Category:13th-century_French_people.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Category:French_male_poets.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Category:Male_composers.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Category:Troubadours.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Church.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Crusades.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Dante_Alighieri.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Dysentery.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Emperor_Frederick_II.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Fifth_Crusade.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Fourth_Crusade.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Greek_Orthodox_Church.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Greek_Orthodoxy.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Guillem_Augier_Novella.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Heresy.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Holy_Land.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Hymn.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Indulgence.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Inquisition.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Jongleur.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Khwarezm.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Khwarezmians.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Languedoc.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Lombardy.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Louis_VIII_of_France.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Mary_(mother_of_Jesus).
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Minstrel.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Occitan_language.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Papacy.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Paris.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Pope.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Roman_Catholic_Church.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Sirventes.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Speculum_(journal).
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Tailor.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Toulouse.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Troubadour.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink Virgin_Mary.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLink File:BnF_ms._854_fol._109v_-_Guilhem_Figueira_(1).jpg.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageWikiLinkText "Guilhem Figueira".
- Guilhem_Figueira hasPhotoCollection Guilhem_Figueira.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refbegin.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refend.
- Guilhem_Figueira wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Guilhem_Figueira subject Category:13th-century_French_people.
- Guilhem_Figueira subject Category:French_male_poets.
- Guilhem_Figueira subject Category:Male_composers.
- Guilhem_Figueira subject Category:Troubadours.
- Guilhem_Figueira hypernym Jongleur.
- Guilhem_Figueira type Person.
- Guilhem_Figueira type Singer.
- Guilhem_Figueira type Composer.
- Guilhem_Figueira type Singer.
- Guilhem_Figueira comment "Guillem or Guilhem Figueira or Figera was a Languedocian jongleur and troubadour from Toulouse active at the court of the Emperor Frederick II in the 1230s. He was a close associate of both Aimery de Pégulhan and Guillem Augier Novella.The son of a tailor and a tailor by trade, as a result of the Albigensian Crusade, he was exiled from his homeland and took refuge in Lombardy, where he eventually made his way to Frederick's court.".
- Guilhem_Figueira label "Guilhem Figueira".
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs Guilhem_Figueira.
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs Guillem_Figueira.
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs Guillelmus_Figueira.
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs Guilhèm_Figuèira.
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs m.02x8ksq.
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs Q281332.
- Guilhem_Figueira sameAs Q281332.
- Guilhem_Figueira wasDerivedFrom Guilhem_Figueira?oldid=676300497.
- Guilhem_Figueira depiction BnF_ms._854_fol._109v_-_Guilhem_Figueira_(1).jpg.
- Guilhem_Figueira isPrimaryTopicOf Guilhem_Figueira.