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• Gibberellic_acid abstract "Gibberellic acid (also called Gibberellin A3, GA, and GA3) is a hormone found in plants and fungi. Its chemical formula is C19H22O6. When purified, it is a white to pale-yellow solid.However, plants produce low amount of GA3, thereforethis hormone can be produced industrially by microorganisms. Nowadays, itis produced by submerse fermentation, but thisprocess presented low yield with high production costs andhence higher sale value. One alternative process to reducecosts of the GA3 production is Solid-State Fermentation(SSF) that allows the use of agro-industrial residues.Gibberellic acid is a simple gibberellin, a pentacyclic diterpene acid promoting growth and elongation of cells. It affects decomposition of plants and helps plants grow if used in small amounts, but eventually plants develop tolerance to it. GA stimulates the cells of germinating seeds to produce mRNA molecules that code for hydrolytic enzymes. Gibberellic acid is a very potent hormone whose natural occurrence in plants controls their development. Since GA regulates growth, applications of very low concentrations can have a profound effect while too much will have the opposite effect. It is usually used in concentrations between 0.01 and 10 mg/L.GA was first identified in Japan in 1935, as a metabolic byproduct of the plant pathogen Gibberella fujikuroi (thus the name), which afflicts rice plants; fujikuroi-infected plants develop bakanae ("foolish seedling"), which causes them to grow so much taller than normal that they die from no longer being sturdy enough to support their own weight.Gibberellins have a number of effects on plant development. They can stimulate rapid stem and root growth, induce mitotic division in the leaves of some plants, and increase seed germination rate. Gibberellic acid is sometimes used in laboratory and greenhouse settings to trigger germination in seeds that would otherwise remain dormant. It is also widely used in the grape-growing industry as a hormone to induce the production of larger bundles and bigger grapes, especially Thompson seedless grapes. In the Okanagan and Creston valleys, it is also used as a growth replicator in the cherry industry. It is used on Clementine Mandarin oranges, which may otherwise cross-pollinate with other citrus and grow undesirable seeds. Applied directly on the blossoms as a spray, it allows for Clementines to produce a full crop of fruit without seeds.".
• Gibberellic_acid iupacName "(3S,3aS,4S,4aS,7S,9aR,9bR,12S)-7,12-dihydroxy-3-methyl-6-methylene-2-oxoperhydro-4a,7-methano-9b,3-propenoazuleno[1,2-b]furan-4-carboxylic acid".
• Gibberellic_acid thumbnail Gibberellic_acid.svg?width=300.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageExternalLink gibberellic_acid.html.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageExternalLink cbook.cgi?ID=77-06-5&Units=SI.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageExternalLink gibberellic.html.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageExternalLink www.ga3.nl.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageID "4197557".
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageLength "6599".
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageOutDegree "21".
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageRevisionID "676045575".
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink 6-Benzylaminopurine.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Bakanae.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Category:Plant_hormones.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_formula.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Creston_Valley.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Creston_Valley_Wildlife_Management_Area.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Diterpene.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Dormancy.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Germination.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Gibberella_fujikuroi.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Gibberellin.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Greenhouse.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Hydrolase.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Messenger_RNA.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Mitosis.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Mitotic_division.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Okanagan.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Plant_hormone.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Polycyclic_compound.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Rice.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLink Sultana_(grape).
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLinkText "Gibberellic acid".
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageWikiLinkText "gibberellic acid".
• Gibberellic_acid hasPhotoCollection Gibberellic_acid.
• Gibberellic_acid imagefile "Gibberellic acid.svg".
• Gibberellic_acid imagesize "240".
• Gibberellic_acid iupacname "-712".
• Gibberellic_acid verifiedfields "changed".
• Gibberellic_acid verifiedrevid "476997249".
• Gibberellic_acid watchedfields "changed".
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Chembox.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
• Gibberellic_acid wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
• Gibberellic_acid subject Category:Plant_hormones.
• Gibberellic_acid hypernym Hormone.
• Gibberellic_acid type Article.
• Gibberellic_acid type ChemicalCompound.
• Gibberellic_acid type ChemicalSubstance.
• Gibberellic_acid type Protein.
• Gibberellic_acid type Article.
• Gibberellic_acid type Chemical.
• Gibberellic_acid type Hormone.
• Gibberellic_acid type ChemicalObject.
• Gibberellic_acid type Thing.
• Gibberellic_acid type Q11173.
• Gibberellic_acid comment "Gibberellic acid (also called Gibberellin A3, GA, and GA3) is a hormone found in plants and fungi. Its chemical formula is C19H22O6. When purified, it is a white to pale-yellow solid.However, plants produce low amount of GA3, thereforethis hormone can be produced industrially by microorganisms. Nowadays, itis produced by submerse fermentation, but thisprocess presented low yield with high production costs andhence higher sale value.".
• Gibberellic_acid label "Gibberellic acid".
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Àcid_gibberèl·lic.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Gibberellinsäure.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Ácido_giberélico.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs جیبرلیک_اسید.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Gibberelliinihappo.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Acide_gibbérellique.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Giberellinsav.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Acido_gibberellico.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs ジベレリン酸.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Gibberellinezuur.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Kwas_giberelinowy.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs m.0bpg5_.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Giberelinska_kiselina.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Giberelinska_kiselina.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Gibberellinsyra.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs กรดจิบเบอเรลลิก.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Axit_gibberellic.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Q411138.
• Gibberellic_acid sameAs Q411138.
• Gibberellic_acid wasDerivedFrom Gibberellic_acid?oldid=676045575.
• Gibberellic_acid depiction Gibberellic_acid.svg.
• Gibberellic_acid isPrimaryTopicOf Gibberellic_acid.