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- Ghazal abstract "The ghazal is a poetic form consisting of rhyming couplets and a refrain, with each line sharing the same meter. A ghazal may be understood as a poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. The form is ancient, originating in Arabic poetry in Arabia long before the birth of Islam. The term Ghazal is of North African and Middle Eastern origin. Its root term in Arabic is " gh-zl " and is derived from the Arabian panegyric qasida. The structural requirements of the ghazal are similar in stringency to those of the Petrarchan sonnet. In style and content it is a genre that has proved capable of an extraordinary variety of expression around its central themes of love and separation. It is one of the principal poetic forms which the Indo-Perso-Arabic civilization offered to the eastern Islamic world. The ghazal spread into South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate. Although the ghazal is most prominently a form of Dari poetry and Urdu poetry, today it is found in the poetry of many languages of the Indian sub-continent. Ghazals were written by Rumi and Hafiz of Persia; the Azeri poet Fuzûlî in the Ottoman Empire; Mirza Ghalib and Muhammad Iqbal of North India; and Kazi Nazrul Islam of Bengal. Through the influence of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832), the ghazal became very popular in Germany during the 19th century; the form was used extensively by Friedrich Rückert (1788–1866) and August von Platen (1796–1835). The Kashmiri poet Agha Shahid Ali was a proponent of the form, both in English and in other languages; he edited a volume of "real ghazals in English". It is common in ghazals for the poet's name (known as takhallus) to be featured in the last verse (a convention known as the Maqta).".
- Ghazal wikiPageExternalLink ghazal_index.html.
- Ghazal wikiPageExternalLink www.ghazalpage.com.
- Ghazal wikiPageExternalLink www.ghazalradio.com.
- Ghazal wikiPageExternalLink www.itsjoking.com.
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- Ghazal wikiPageRevisionID "683447808".
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Abida_Parveen.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Adithya_Srinivasan.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Adithya_Srinivasan_(Singer).
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Adrienne_Rich.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Agha_Shahid_Ali.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ahmad_Faraz.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ahmed_and_Mohammed_Hussain.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Alka_Yagnik.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Amanat_Ali_Khan.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Amir_Khusro.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Amir_Khusrow.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Amjad_Parvez.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Andrew_D._Chumbley.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Annemarie_Schimmel.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Anup_Jalota.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Anuradha_Paudwal.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Arabic.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Arabic_language.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink August_von_Platen.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Azerbaijani_language.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Aziz_Mian.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Beauty_Sharma_Barua.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Begum_Akhtar.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Bengal.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Bhimrao_Panchale.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Bhupinder_Singh_(musician).
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Call_me_Ishmael.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Canada.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Cassius_Khan.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Desi_culture.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Ghazal.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Indian_film_singers.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Indian_music.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Pakistani_film_singers.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Pakistani_music.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Poetic_form.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Chandan_Dass.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Chitra_Singh.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Couplet.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Daagh.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Dari_language.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Lowbury.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ehsan_Sehgal.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Elise_Paschen.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Faiz_Ahmad_Faiz.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Farida_Khanum.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Filmi-ghazal.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Firaq_Gorakhpuri.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Francis_Brabazon.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Friedrich_Rückert.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Fuzûlî.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ghalib.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ghazal_Srinivas.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ghulam_Ali_(Ghazal_singer).
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Ghulam_Ali_(singer).
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Guitar.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Gujarati_language.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Habib_Wali_Mohammad.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Hafiz_Shirazi.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Hariharan_(singer).
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Hasrat_Mohani.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Hindustani_language.
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- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Jamal_Abdillah.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink James_Clarence_Mangan.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink James_Elroy_Flecker.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Jan_Nisar_Akhtar.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Jasvinder_Singh.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Jaun_Elia.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Jigar_Moradabadi.
- Ghazal wikiPageWikiLink Jim_Harrison.