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- George_Shiras,_Jr. abstract "George Shiras, Jr. (January 26, 1832 – August 2, 1924) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States who was nominated to the Court by Republican President Benjamin Harrison. At that time, he had 37 years of private legal practice, but had never judged a case. Shiras's only public service before he became a justice was as a federal elector in 1888, almost four years before his nomination in 1892.Shiras was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania January 26, 1832. He attended Ohio University and graduated from Yale College, Phi Beta Kappa, in 1853. He began law school at Yale Law School, but left before earning a law degree He finished his training by reading law at a law office, then practiced law in Dubuque, Iowa from 1855 to 1858, and in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from 1858 to 1892. In Pittsburgh, he became a prominent corporate attorney, and he was noted for his honesty and pragmatism while representing some of the nation's industrial giantsOn July 19, 1892, Shiras was nominated by President Harrison to a Supreme Court seat vacated by Joseph P. Bradley. He was recommended for the post by his cousin, Secretary of State James G. Blaine. Shiras was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 26, 1892, and received his commission the same day. Although Shiras sat on the Court for more than 10 years authoring 253 majority decisions and 14 dissents, he is noted for his votes on just two landmark cases, Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895), and Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). He sided with the majority in the 5-4 decision in Pollock to strike down the Income Tax Act of 1894 as unconstitutional. Some historians believe Shiras was the pivotal Justice who switched his vote, while other historians suspect that it was either Justice Horace Gray or Justice David Brewer. Regardless, the ruling in Pollock led to the need for a constitutional amendment to impose a federal income tax, and in 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified. Shiras also voted with the 7-1 majority in the infamous case Plessy v. Ferguson, a case which upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the doctrine of separate but equal, and which was not overruled until 1954.Shiras retired from the bench on February 23, 1903, and remained in retirement until his death, in Pittsburgh, in 1924. His son, George Shiras III, served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Pennsylvania.".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthDate "1832-01-26".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthPlace Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthPlace Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthPlace Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthYear "1832".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathDate "1924-08-02".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathPlace Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathPlace Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathPlace Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathYear "1924".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. orderInOffice "Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. religion Presbyterianism.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. successor William_R._Day.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. thumbnail George_Shiras_Jr.jpg?width=300.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageID "912191".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageLength "6053".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageOutDegree "51".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageRevisionID "681381706".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Benjamin_Harrison.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:1832_births.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:1924_deaths.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_Presbyterians.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:American_lawyers.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:Burials_at_Allegheny_Cemetery.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:Pennsylvania_Republicans.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:United_States_Supreme_Court_justices.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:United_States_federal_judges_appointed_by_Benjamin_Harrison.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:Yale_Law_School_alumni.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Category:Yale_University_alumni.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink David_Josiah_Brewer.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Dubuque,_Iowa.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink George_Shiras_III.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Horace_Gray.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink James_G._Blaine.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Joseph_P._Bradley.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Joseph_Philo_Bradley.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Melville_Fuller.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Phi_Beta_Kappa.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Phi_Beta_Kappa_Society.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Plessy_v._Ferguson.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Pollock_v._Farmers_Loan_&_Trust_Co..
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Presbyterian.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Presbyterianism.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink President_of_the_United_States.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Racial_segregation.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Reading_law.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Republican_Party_(United_States).
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Separate_but_equal.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Sixteenth_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink United_States_House_of_Representatives.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Senate.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink United_States_federal_judge.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink William_R._Day.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Yale_Law_School.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLink Yale_University.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLinkText "George Shiras".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLinkText "George Shiras, Jr.".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLinkText "Justice Shiras".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageWikiLinkText "Shiras".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. after William_R._Day.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. before Joseph_P._Bradley.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. before Joseph_Philo_Bradley.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthDate "1832-01-26".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthPlace Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. birthPlace Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. cj "Melville Weston Fuller".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. dateOfBirth "1832-01-26".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. dateOfDeath "1924-08-02".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathDate "1924-08-02".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathPlace Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. deathPlace Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. hasPhotoCollection George_Shiras,_Jr..
- George_Shiras,_Jr. name "George Shiras, Jr.".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. name "Shiras, George Jr.".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. nominator Benjamin_Harrison.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. office Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. placeOfBirth Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. placeOfBirth Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. placeOfDeath Pittsburgh.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. placeOfDeath Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. predecessor Joseph_P._Bradley.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. religion Presbyterian.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. religion Presbyterianism.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. shortDescription United_States_federal_judge.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. spouse "Lillie E. Kennedy".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. successor William_R._Day.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. termend "1903-02-23".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. termstart "1892-07-26".
- George_Shiras,_Jr. title List_of_Justices_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:End_U.S._Supreme_Court_composition.
- George_Shiras,_Jr. wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:FJC_Bio.