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- Gaza_War_(2008–09) abstract "The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (מבצע עופרת יצוקה), or the Gaza Massacre (مجزرة غزة) and by Hamas as the Battle of al-Furqan (معركة الفرقان), was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.Israel's stated goal was to stop rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip. Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah. After hostilities broke out, Palestinian groups fired rockets in response to what they characterized as "massacres".An Israeli ground invasion began on January 3. Infantry commanders were given an unprecedented level of access to coordinate with air, naval, artillery, intelligence, and combat engineering units during this second phase. Various new technologies and hardware were also introduced. On January 5, the IDF began operating in the densely populated urban centers of Gaza. During the last week of the offensive (from 12 January), Israel mostly hit targets it had damaged before and struck Palestinian rocket-launching units. Hamas intensified its rocket and mortar attacks against civilian targets in southern Israel, reaching the major cities of Beersheba and Ashdod for the first time during the conflict. Israeli politicians ultimately decided against striking deeper within Gaza amid concerns of higher casualties on both sides and rising international criticism. The conflict ended on January 18, when Israel first declared a unilateral ceasefire, followed by Hamas' announcing a one-week ceasefire twelve hours later. Israel completed its withdrawal on January 21.The conflict resulted in between 1,166 and 1,417 Palestinian and 13 Israeli deaths (4 from friendly fire). According to the Shin Bet, after the conflict, there was a decrease in Palestinian rocket attacks. In September 2009, a UN special mission, headed by the South African Justice Richard Goldstone, produced a report accusing both Palestinian militants and the IDF of war crimes and possible crimes against humanity, and recommended bringing those responsible to justice. In January 2010, the Israeli government released a response criticizing the Goldstone Report and disputing its findings. In 2011, Goldstone wrote that he no longer believed that Israel intentionally targeted civilians in Gaza. The other authors of the report, Hina Jilani, Christine Chinkin, and Desmond Travers, rejected Goldstone's re-assessment. The United Nations Human Rights Council ordered Israel to conduct various repairs of the damages. On September 21, 2012, the United Nations Human Rights Council concluded that 75% of civilian homes destroyed in the attack were not rebuilt.".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) causalties "Civilians: 182".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) causalties "Civilians: 3".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) causalties "Soldiers: 10 (friendly fire: 4)".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) causalties "Soldiers: 336".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) causalties "Total killed: 13".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) causalties "Total wounded: 518".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "**Abu Ali Mustapha".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "**Al-Aqsa Martyrs'".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "**Izz ad-Din al-Qassam".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "**Quds Brigades".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "*22 pxFatah".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "*22 pxHamas".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "*22 pxPFLP".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "*22 pxPIJ".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "*Popular Resistance Councils".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) combatant "Israel(IDF,ISA)".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Abu_Zakaria_al-Jamal.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ahmed_Jabari.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Chief_of_General_Staff_(Israel).
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ehud_Barak.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ehud_Olmert.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Eli_Marom.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Eyal_Eizenberg.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Gabi_Ashkenazi.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Gaza_Division.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ido_Nehoshtan.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ismail_Haniyeh.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Israeli_Air_Force.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Israeli_Navy.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Khaled_Mashal.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Mahmoud_al-Zahar.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ministry_of_Defense_(Israel).
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Mohammed_Deif.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Nizar_Rayan.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Osama_Mazini.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Prime_Minister_of_Israel.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Ramadan_Shalah.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Said_Seyam.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Shin_Bet.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Southern_Command_(Israel).
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Tawfik_Jaber.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Yoav_Galant.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) commander Yuval_Diskin.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) date "2008-12-27".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) isPartOfMilitaryConflict Gaza–Israel_conflict.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) notes "*255 (PCHR) or 265 (B'Tselem) police officers were killed.".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) place Gaza_Strip.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) place Southern_District_(Israel).
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) result "* Israel declaredunilateralceasefire, 12 hours later Hamas announced aone-week ceasefire.".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) result "* Number ofrocketsbeing fired from Gaza reduced.".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) result "*Humanitarian crisisand deterioration of infrastructure and basic services in Gaza.".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) result "*See results".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) result "Israeli military victory".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "* 100 armoredCAT D9and other armored bulldozers".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "* 130–140Merkavatanks".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "* Anti aircraft missiles includingSA-7s".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "* Heavy machine guns".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "* Mortars of various calibres".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "* Suicide bombers".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*AH-64 SaraphandAH-1F Tzefaattack helicopters".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*AK-47assault rifles".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*AT-3 Sagger,AT-5 Spandrel, andYasinAnti-tank missiles".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*B-300,Matador, andSpike, anti-tank missiles".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*BM-21 GradandQassamrockets".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Elbit Hermes 450,Heron TPUnmanned aerial vehicles".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*F-16I Sufaaircraft".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Improvised explosive devices and other booby traps".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Nagmash,Achzarit,Puma,Namer, and other armored personnel carriers".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*RPK light machineguns".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Recoilless guns".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Soltam M-71,M109howitzers, andmortars".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Super Dvora patrol boats, andSa'ar 4.5-class missile boats".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*TavorandM-16assault rifles, light and heavymachine guns, and semi-automaticsniper rifles".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "*Vipermilitary robots".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "Hamas (Izzedine Al-Qassam Brigades and paramilitary police): 20,000 (est. total)".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "IDF: 4,000–20,000 deployed in ground invasion and tens of thousands of reservists mobilized (176,000 total active personnel)".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) strength "Other Palestinian paramilitary forces: 10,000".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) thumbnail Gaza_Strip_map2.svg?width=300.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageExternalLink war_on_gaza.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageExternalLink 7812136.stm.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageExternalLink gaza.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageExternalLink page_45.asp.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageID "20855562".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageLength "274354".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageOutDegree "578".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageRevisionID "678769689".
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 2006–07_economic_sanctions_against_the_Palestinian_National_Authority.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 2006–2007_economic_sanctions_against_the_Palestinian_National_Authority.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 2008_Israel–Hamas_ceasefire.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 2008–2009_Israel–Gaza_foreign_involvement.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 2009_Hamas_political_violence_in_Gaza.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 401st_Brigade_(IDF).
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 9K32_Strela-2.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 9M113_Konkurs.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink 9M14_Malyutka.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink AH-1_Cobra.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink AH-64_Apache.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink AK-47.
- Gaza_War_(2008–09) wikiPageWikiLink Abu_Ali_Mustapha_Brigades.