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- Galant_music abstract "In music, galant refers to the style which was fashionable from the 1720s to the 1770s. This movement featured a return to simplicity and immediacy of appeal after the complexity of the late Baroque era. This meant simpler, more song-like melodies, decreased use of polyphony, short, periodic phrases, a reduced harmonic vocabulary emphasizing tonic and dominant, and a clear distinction between soloist and accompaniment. C. P. E. Bach and Daniel Gottlob Türk, who were among the most significant theorists of the late 18th century, contrasted the galant with the "learned" or "strict" styles (Bach 1753, passim; Türk 1789, p. 405). The German empfindsamer Stil, which seeks to express personal emotions and sensitivity, can be seen either as a closely related North-German dialect of the international galant style (Heartz and Brown 2001a; Heartz and Brown 2001b; Palmer 2001, xvii; Wolf 2003), or as contrasted with it, as between the music of Carl Philipp Emmanuel Bach, a founder of both styles, and that of Johann Christian Bach, who carried the galant style further and was closer to classical.This musical style was part of the wider galant movement in art at the time.The word "galant" derives from French, where it was in use from at least the 16th century. In the early 18th century, a Galant Homme described a person of fashion; elegant, cultured and virtuous. The German theorist Johann Mattheson appears to have been fond of the term. It features in the title of his first publication of 1713, Das neu-eröffnete Orchestre, oder Universelle und gründliche Anleitung wie ein Galant Homme einen vollkommenen Begriff von der Hoheit und Würde der edlen Music erlangen. (Instead of the Gothic type rendered here in italics, Mattheson used Roman to emphasize the many non-German expressions (Mattheson 1713, title page; Heartz and Brown 2001)). Mattheson was apparently the first to refer to a "galant style" in music, in his Das forschende Orchestre of 1721. He recognized a lighter, modern style, einem galanten Stylo and named among its leading practitioners Giovanni Bononcini, Antonio Caldara, Georg Philipp Telemann, Alessandro Scarlatti, Antonio Vivaldi and George Frideric Handel (Heartz 2003, p. 18). All were composing Italian opera seria, a voice-driven musical style, and opera remained the central form of galant music. The new music was not as essentially a court music as it was a city music: the cities emphasized by Daniel Heartz, a recent historian of the style, were first of all Naples, then Venice, Dresden, Berlin, Stuttgart and Mannheim, and Paris. Many galant composers spent their careers in less central cities, ones that may be considered consumers rather than producers of the style galant: Johann Christian Bach and Carl Friedrich Abel in London, Giovanni Paisiello in St Petersburg, Georg Philipp Telemann in Hamburg, and Luigi Boccherini in Madrid.The rejection of so much accumulated learning and formula in music is paralleled only by the rejection in the early 20th century of the entire structure of key relationships. Not every contemporary was delighted with this revolutionary simplification: Johann Samuel Petri, in his Anleitung zur praktischen Musik (1782) spoke of the "great catastrophe in music" (Blume 1970, p. 20).The change was as much at the birth of Romanticism as it was of Classicism. The folk-song element in poetry, like the singable cantabile melody in galant music, was brought to public notice in Thomas Percy's Reliques of Ancient Poetry (1765) and James Macpherson's "Ossian" inventions during the 1760s.Some of Telemann's later music and of Bach's sons, Johann Quantz, Hasse, Giovanni Battista Sammartini, Giuseppe Tartini, Baldassare Galuppi, Johann Stamitz, Domenico Alberti, and early Mozart are exemplars of galant style. This simplified style was melody-driven, not constructed, as so much classical music was to be, on rhythmic or melodic motifs: "It is indicative that Haydn, even in his old age, is reported to have said, 'If you want to know whether a melody is really beautiful, sing it without accompaniment'" (Blume 1970, p. 19). This simplification also extended to harmonic rhythm, which is generally slower in galant music than is the case in the earlier baroque style, thus making lavish melodic ornamentation and nuances of secondary harmonic colorings more important (Palmer 2001, xvii).The affinities of galant style with Rococo in the visual arts are easily overplayed, but characteristics that were valued in both genres were freshness, accessibility and charm. Watteau's fêtes galantes were rococo not merely in subject matter, but also in the lighter, cleaner tonality of his palette, and the glazes that supplied a galant translucency to his finished pictures often compared to the orchestrations of galant music (Heartz 2003,).".
- Galant_music thumbnail 1698_Campra_LEurope_Galante.jpgwidth=300.
- Galant_music wikiPageExternalLink klavierschuleode00trkd.
- Galant_music wikiPageID "1541759".
- Galant_music wikiPageLength "9116".
- Galant_music wikiPageOutDegree "66".
- Galant_music wikiPageRevisionID "675486682".
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Alessandro_Scarlatti.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_Caldara.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Antonio_Vivaldi.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Baldassare_Galuppi.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Baroque_music.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Berlin.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Carl_Friedrich_Abel.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Carl_Philipp_Emanuel_Bach.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Carl_Philipp_Emmanuel_Bach.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Category:Age_of_Enlightenment.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Category:Baroque_music.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Category:Classical_period_(music).
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Claude_V._Palisca.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Composition_school.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_Gottlob_Türk.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_Heartz.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Domenico_Alberti.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Don_Michael_Randel.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Donald_Jay_Grout.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Dresden.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Empfindsamer_Stil.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Friedrich_Blume.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Galant.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Galant_style.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Georg_Philipp_Telemann.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink George_Frideric_Handel.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Giovanni_Battista_Sammartini.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Giovanni_Bononcini.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Giovanni_Paisiello.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Giuseppe_Tartini.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Gothic_type.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Harmonic_rhythm.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Haydn.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink James_Macpherson.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Antoine_Watteau.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Johann_Adolph_Hasse.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Johann_Christian_Bach.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Johann_Joachim_Quantz.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Johann_Mattheson.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Johann_Quantz.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Johann_Stamitz.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink John_Tyrrell_(musicologist).
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Joseph_Haydn.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Key_(music).
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Key_relationship.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Luigi_Boccherini.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Madrid.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Mannheim.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Motif_(music).
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Mozart.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Naples.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Opera_seria.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Ossian.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Paris.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Polyphony.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Reliques_of_Ancient_English_Poetry.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Reliques_of_Ancient_Poetry.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Rococo.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Roman_type.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Saint_Petersburg.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Sans-serif.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Sensitive_style.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink St_Petersburg.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Stanley_Sadie.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Stuttgart.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Thomas_Percy_(Bishop_of_Dromore).
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Thomas_Percy_(bishop_of_Dromore).
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Venice.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Watteau.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink File:1698_Campra_LEurope_Galante.jpg.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLink File:1736_Les_Indes_Galantes.png.
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLinkText "Galant music".
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLinkText "Galant".
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLinkText "galant".
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLinkText "galante style".
- Galant_music wikiPageWikiLinkText "style galant".
- Galant_music hasPhotoCollection Galant_music.
- Galant_music reference "Bach, Carl Phillip Emanuel. 1753. Versuch über die wahre Art das Clavier zu spielen, mit Exempeln und achtzehn Probe-Stücken in sechs Sonaten erläutert. 2 vols. Berlin: In verlegung des auctoris, gedruckt bey C.F. Henning.".
- Galant_music reference "Blume, Friedrich. 1970. Classic and Romantic Music: A Comprehensive Survey, translated by M. D. Herter Norton. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 9780393021370 ; ISBN 9780393098686 .".
- Galant_music reference "Grout, Donald Jay, and Claude V. Palisca. 1996. A History of Western Music, fifth edition. New York: W. W. Norton.".
- Galant_music reference "Heartz, Daniel, and Bruce Alan Brown. 2001a. "Empfindsamkeit". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.".
- Galant_music reference "Heartz, Daniel, and Bruce Allen Brown. 2001b. 'Galant'. New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.".
- Galant_music reference "Heartz, Daniel. 2003. Music in European Capitals: The Galant Style, 1720–1780. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 9780393050806.".
- Galant_music reference "Mattheson, Johann. 1713. Das neu-eröffnete Orchestre, oder Universelle und gründliche Anleitung wie ein Galant Homme einen vollkommenen Begriff von der Hoheit und Würde der edlen Music erlangen , with added remarks by Reinhard Keiser. Hamburg: Benjamin Schiller.".
- Galant_music reference "Palmer, Kris. 2001. Ornamentation According to C. P. E. Bach and J. J.Quantz. Bloomington: 1stBooks Library. ISBN 9780759609358.".
- Galant_music reference "Robert, O. Gjerdingen. 2007. Music in the Galant Style. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.".
- Galant_music reference "Türk, Daniel Gottlob. 1789. Klavierschule, oder, Anweisung zum Klavierspielen für Lehrer und Lernende: mit kritischen Anmerkungen. Leipzig: Schwickert; Halle: Hemmerde und Schwetschke.".
- Galant_music reference "Wolf, Eugene K. 2003. "Empfindsam style". The Harvard Dictionary of Music, fourth edition, edited by Don Michael Randel. Harvard University Press Reference Library 16. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-01163-2.".
- Galant_music wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Audio.
- Galant_music wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Baroque_music.
- Galant_music wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Galant_music wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Classical_period_(music).