Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/G_alpha_subunit> ?p ?o }
- G_alpha_subunit abstract "Guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) are membrane-associated, heterotrimeric proteins composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. G proteins and their receptors (GPCRs) form one of the most prevalent signalling systems in mammalian cells, regulating systems as diverse as sensory perception, cell growth and hormonal regulation. At the cell surface, the binding of ligands such as hormones and neurotransmitters to a GPCR activates the receptor by causing a conformational change, which in turn activates the bound G protein on the intracellular-side of the membrane. The activated receptor promotes the exchange of bound GDP for GTP on the G protein alpha subunit. GTP binding changes the conformation of switch regions within the alpha subunit, which allows the bound trimeric G protein (inactive) to be released from the receptor, and to dissociate into active alpha subunit (GTP-bound) and beta/gamma dimer. The alpha subunit and the beta/gamma dimer go on to activate distinct downstream effectors, such as adenylyl cyclase, phosphodiesterases, phospholipase C, and ion channels. These effectors in turn regulate the intracellular concentrations of secondary messengers, such as cAMP, diacylglycerol, sodium or calcium cations, which ultimately lead to a physiological response, usually via the downstream regulation of gene transcription. The cycle is completed by the hydrolysis of alpha subunit-bound GTP to GDP, resulting in the re-association of the alpha and beta/gamma subunits and their binding to the receptor, which terminates the signal. The length of the G protein signal is controlled by the duration of the GTP-bound alpha subunit, which can be regulated by RGS (regulator of G protein signalling) proteins or by covalent modifications.There are several isoforms of each subunit, many of which have splice variants, which together can make up hundreds of combinations of G proteins. The specific combination of subunits in heterotrimeric G proteins affects not only which receptor it can bind to, but also which downstream target is affected, providing the means to target specific physiological processes in response to specific external stimuli. G proteins carry lipid modifications on one or more of their subunits to target them to the plasma membrane and to contribute to protein interactions.This family consists of the G protein alpha subunit, which acts as a weak GTPase. G protein classes are defined based on the sequence and function of their alpha subunits, which in mammals fall into several sub-types: G(S)alpha, G(Q)alpha, G(I)alpha, transducin and G(12)alpha; there are also fungal and plant classes of alpha subunits. The alpha subunit consists of two domains: a GTP-binding domain and a helical insertion domain (INTERPRO). The GTP-binding domain is homologous to Ras-like small GTPases, and includes switch regions I and II, which change conformation during activation. The switch regions are loops of alpha-helices with conformations sensitive to guanine nucleotides. The helical insertion domain is inserted into the GTP-binding domain before switch region I and is unique to heterotrimeric G proteins. This helical insertion domain functions to sequester the guanine nucleotide at the interface with the GTP-binding domain and must be displaced to enable nucleotide dissociation.".
- G_alpha_subunit symbol "G-alpha".
- G_alpha_subunit thumbnail PDB_1got_EBI.jpg?width=300.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageExternalLink IEntry?ac=IPR011025.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageID "14271066".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageLength "6705".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageOutDegree "65".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageRevisionID "648534776".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Alpha_helix.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Binding_(molecular).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Calcium_in_biology.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Category:G_proteins.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Category:Protein_domains.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Cell_growth.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Cell_membrane.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Cell_signaling.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Cell_signalling.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_conformation.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_structure.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Class_(biology).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Concentration.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Conformational_isomerism.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Covalent.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Covalent_bond.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Dissociation_(chemistry).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Domain_(biology).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Effector_(biology).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Fungus.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink GPCR.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink G_protein.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink G_proteins.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink G_protein–coupled_receptor.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Gene_activation.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Gene_transcription.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Gi_alpha_subunit.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Gq_alpha_subunit.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Gs_alpha_subunit.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Guanine.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Helical.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Helix.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Heterotrimeric_G_protein.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Homology_(biology).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Hormone.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Hormones.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Hydrolysis.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Intracellular.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Ion_channel.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Ion_channels.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Isoforms.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Ligand.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Ligands.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Lipid.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Loop_(biochemistry).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Mammal.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Mammalia.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Molecular_binding.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Neurotransmitter.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Nucleotide.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Phospholipase.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Physiology.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Plant.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Protein.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Protein_dimer.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Protein_isoform.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Protein_structure.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Protein_subunit.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Proteins.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink RNA_splicing.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Receptor_(biochemistry).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Regulation.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Regulation_of_gene_expression.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Sequence_(biology).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Sodium.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Splicing_(genetics).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink T_cell_receptor.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Transcription_(genetics).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Transcriptional_regulation.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Transducin.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLink Turn_(biochemistry).
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLinkText "G alpha subunit".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLinkText "G alpha".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLinkText "G-alpha subunit".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLinkText "alpha".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageWikiLinkText "α subunit".
- G_alpha_subunit caption "heterotrimeric complex of a gt-alpha/gi-alpha chimera and the gt-beta-gamma subunits".
- G_alpha_subunit cdd "cd00066".
- G_alpha_subunit hasPhotoCollection G_alpha_subunit.
- G_alpha_subunit interpro "IPR001019".
- G_alpha_subunit name "G-alpha".
- G_alpha_subunit pfam "PF00503".
- G_alpha_subunit pfamClan "CL0023".
- G_alpha_subunit scop "1".
- G_alpha_subunit symbol "G-alpha".
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_protein_family.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:InterPro_content.
- G_alpha_subunit wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- G_alpha_subunit subject Category:G_proteins.
- G_alpha_subunit subject Category:Protein_domains.
- G_alpha_subunit hypernym Proteins.