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- Fourth_Fitna abstract "The Fourth Fitna or Great Abbasid Civil War was a conflict between the brothers al-Amin and al-Ma'mun over the succession to the Abbasid Caliphate's throne. Their father, Harun al-Rashid, had named al-Amin as the first successor, but had also named al-Ma'mun as the second, with Khurasan granted to him as an appanage, while a third son, al-Qasim, had been designated as third successor. After Harun died in 809, al-Amin succeeded in Baghdad. Encouraged by the Baghdad court, al-Amin began trying to subvert the autonomous status of Khurasan; Qasim was quickly sidelined. In response, al-Ma'mun's sought the support of the provincial elites of Khurasan, and made moves to assert his own autonomy. As the rift between the two brothers and their respective camps widened, al-Amin declared his own son Musa to be his heir, and assembled a large army. Al-Amin's troops marched towards Khurasan, but al-Ma'mun's general Tahir ibn Husayn defeated them in the Battle of Rayy, and then invaded Iraq and besieged Baghdad itself. The city fell after a year, al-Amin was executed, and al-Ma'mun became Caliph, but he remained in Khurasan and did not come to Baghdad.This allowed the power vacuum, which the civil war had created in the Caliphate's provinces, to grow, and several local rulers sprang up in Jazira, Syria and Egypt. In addition, the pro-Khurasani policies followed by al-Ma'mun's powerful chief minister, al-Fadl ibn Sahl, and al-Ma'mun's espousal of an Alid succession, alienated the traditional Baghdad elites, who saw themselves increasingly marginalized. Consequently, al-Ma'mun's uncle Ibrahim was proclaimed rival Caliph at Baghdad in 817, forcing al-Ma'mun to intervene personally. Fadl ibn Sahl was assassinated and al-Ma'mun left Khurasan for Baghdad, which he entered in 819. The next years were taken up with consolidating al-Ma'mun's authority and re-incorporating the western provinces, a process that was not completed until 827. Some local rebellions, however, notably that of the Khurramites, dragged on for far longer.The conflict has been variously interpreted, in the words of the Iranologist Elton L. Daniel, as "a conflict over the succession between a rather incompetent, besotted al-Amin and his shrewdly competent brother al-Ma'mun; as the product of harem intrigues; as an extension of the personal rivalry between the ministers al-Fadl b. Rabi' and al-Fadl b. Sahl; or as a struggle between Arabs and Persians for the control of the government".".
- Fourth_Fitna combatant "Local rulers & rebel leaders".
- Fourth_Fitna combatant "al-Amin's forces (Mesopotamia)".
- Fourth_Fitna combatant "al-Ma'mun's forces (Khurasan)".
- Fourth_Fitna commander Abd_al-Rahman_ibn_Jabala.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Abdallah_ibn_Tahir_al-Khurasani.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Al-Amin.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Al-Fadl_ibn_Sahl.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Al-Hasan_ibn_Sahl.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Al-Mamun.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Ali_ibn_Isa_ibn_Mahan.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Babak_Khorramdin.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Harthama_ibn_Ayan.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Muhammad_ibn_Yazid_al-Muhallabi.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Nasr_ibn_Shabath_al-Uqayli.
- Fourth_Fitna commander Tahir_ibn_Husayn.
- Fourth_Fitna place Abbasid_Caliphate.
- Fourth_Fitna place Egypt.
- Fourth_Fitna place Iraq.
- Fourth_Fitna place Syria.
- Fourth_Fitna result "Al-Ma'munis recognized as Caliph and establishes control over most of the Caliphate".
- Fourth_Fitna thumbnail Arabische_Eroberung_2.jpg?width=300.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageExternalLink books?id=Wux0lWbxs1kC.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageExternalLink al-mamun-SIM_4889.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageID "36645711".
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageLength "40235".
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageOutDegree "184".
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageRevisionID "673125982".
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abbasid_Caliphate.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abbasid_Revolution.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abbasid_Samarra.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Salih.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abd_al-Rahman_ibn_Jabala.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abdallah_ibn_Bayhas.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abdallah_ibn_Tahir.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abdallah_ibn_Tahir_al-Khurasani.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Abu_l-Saraya_al-Sirri.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Adharbayjan.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Aghlabids.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Abbas_ibn_al-Mamun.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Amin.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Andalus.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Awasim.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Fadl_ibn_Sahl.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Fadl_ibn_Yahya.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Fadl_ibn_al-Rabi.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Hadi.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Hasan_ibn_Sahl.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Jazira,_Mesopotamia.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Madain.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Mamun.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Mansur.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Mutasim.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Qasim_ibn_Harun_al-Rashid.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Raqqah.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Al-Tabari.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Alexandria.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Ali_al-Ridha.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Ali_ibn_Abd_al-Aziz_al-Jarawi.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Ali_ibn_Isa_ibn_Mahan.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Ali_ibn_Musa_al-Rida.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Alids.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Anno_Hegirae.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Appanage.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Arminiya.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Azerbaijan_(Iran).
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Babak_Khorramdin.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Badghis_Province.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Baghdad.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Banu_Hashim.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Banu_Kalb.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Banu_Qays.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Banu_Shayban.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Barmakid.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Barmakids.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Basra.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Rayy.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Bilad_al-Sham.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Byzantine_Empire.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:800s_conflicts.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:800s_in_Asia.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:810s_conflicts.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:810s_in_Asia.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:820s_conflicts.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:820s_in_Asia.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:9th_century_in_Iran.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:9th_century_in_the_Abbasid_Caliphate.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fourth_Fitna.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Iraq_under_the_Abbasid_Caliphate.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Category:Khurasan_under_the_Abbasid_Caliphate.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Copts.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Crete.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Egypt.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Egypt_in_the_Middle_Ages.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Elton_L._Daniel.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Emir.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Emirate_of_Crete.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Friday_prayer.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Fustat.
- Fourth_Fitna wikiPageWikiLink Ghilman.