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- Experimental_system abstract "In scientific research, an experimental system is the physical, technical and procedural basis for an experiment or series of experiments. Historian of science Hans-Jörg Rheinberger defines an experimental system as: "A basic unit of experimental activity combining local, technical, instrumental, institutional, social, and epistemic aspects." Scientists (particularly laboratory biologists) and historians and philosophers of biology have pointed to the development and spread of successful experimental systems, such as those based on popular model organism or scientific apparatus, as key elements in the history of science, particularly since the early 20th century. The choice of an appropriate experimental system is often seen as critical for a scientist's long-term success, as experimental systems can be very productive for some kinds of questions and less productive for others, acquiring a sort of momentum that takes research in unpredicted directions.A successful experimental system must be stable and reproducible enough for scientists to make sense of the system's behavior, but variable and unpredictable enough that it can produce useful results. In many cases, a well-understood experimental system can be "black-boxed" as a standard technique, which can then be utilized as a component of other experimental systems. Rheinberger divides experimental systems into two parts: the part under investigation ("epistemic things") and the well-understood part that provides a stable context for experimentation ("technical objects").The development of experimental systems in biology often requires the "domestication" of a particular organism for the laboratory environment, including the creation of relatively homogeneous lines or strains and the tailoring of conditions to highlight the variable aspects that scientists are interested in. Scientific technologies, similarly, often require the development of a full experimental system to go from a viable concept to a technique that works in practice on a usefully consistent basis. For example, the invention of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is generally attributed to Kary Mullis, who came up with the concept in 1983, but the process of development of PCR into the revolutionary technology it became by the early 1990s took years of work by others at Cetus Corporation—and the basic components of the system had been known since the 1960s DNA synthesis work of Har Gobind Khorana—making "who invented PCR?" a complicated question.".
- Experimental_system wikiPageID "15285866".
- Experimental_system wikiPageLength "3942".
- Experimental_system wikiPageOutDegree "22".
- Experimental_system wikiPageRevisionID "602525373".
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Biology.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Black-boxed.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Blackboxing.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conceptual_systems.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Category:Historiography_of_science.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Category:Philosophy_of_science.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Category:Systems_science.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Category:Systems_theory.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Cetus_Corporation.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Domestication.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Epistemology.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Experiment.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Hans-Jörg_Rheinberger.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Har_Gobind_Khorana.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Historians.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Kary_Mullis.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink List_of_historians.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Model_organism.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Paul_Rabinow.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Philosopher.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Philosophers.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Polymerase_chain_reaction.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Scientific_method.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Scientific_research.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Scientist.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Scientists.
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLink Strain_(biology).
- Experimental_system wikiPageWikiLinkText "experimental system".
- Experimental_system hasPhotoCollection Experimental_system.
- Experimental_system wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Experimental_system subject Category:Conceptual_systems.
- Experimental_system subject Category:Historiography_of_science.
- Experimental_system subject Category:Philosophy_of_science.
- Experimental_system subject Category:Systems_science.
- Experimental_system subject Category:Systems_theory.
- Experimental_system hypernym Basis.
- Experimental_system type MeanOfTransportation.
- Experimental_system type Concept.
- Experimental_system type Discipline.
- Experimental_system type Science.
- Experimental_system type Theory.
- Experimental_system comment "In scientific research, an experimental system is the physical, technical and procedural basis for an experiment or series of experiments.".
- Experimental_system label "Experimental system".
- Experimental_system sameAs m.03hp24_.
- Experimental_system sameAs Q5421168.
- Experimental_system sameAs Q5421168.
- Experimental_system wasDerivedFrom Experimental_system?oldid=602525373.
- Experimental_system isPrimaryTopicOf Experimental_system.