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- Cytoneme abstract "Cytonemes are thin, cellular projections that are specialized for exchange of signaling proteins between cells. Cytonemes emanate from cells that make signaling proteins, extending directly to cells that receive signaling proteins. Cytonemes also extend directly from cells that receive signaling proteins to cells that make themA cytoneme is a type of filopodium - a thin, tubular extension of a cell’s plasma membrane that has a core composed of tightly bundled, parallel actin filaments. Filopodia can extend more than 100 μm and have been measured as thin as 0.1 μm and as thick as 0.5 μm. Cytonemes with a diameter of approximately 0.2 μm and as long as 80 μm have been observed in the Drosophila wing imaginal discMany cell types have filopodia. The functions of filopodia have been attributed to pathfinding of neurons, early stages of synapse formation, antigen presentation by dendritic cells of the immune system, force generation by macrophages and virus transmission. They have been associated with wound closure, dorsal closure of Drosophila embryos, chemotaxis in Dictyostelium, Delta-Notch signaling, vasculogenesis, cell adhesion, cell migration, and cancer metastasis. Filopodia have been given various names: microspikes, pseudopods, thin filopodia, thick filopodia, gliopodia, myopodia, invadopodia, podosomes, telopodes, tunneling nanotubes and dendrites. The term cytoneme was coined to denote the presence of cytoplasm in their interior (cyto-) and their finger-like appearance (-neme), and to distinguish their role as signaling, rather than structural or force-generating, organelles.Filopodia with behaviors suggestive of roles in sensing patterning information were first observed in sea urchin embryos, and subsequent characterizations support the idea that they convey patterning signals between cells. The discovery of cytonemes in Drosophila imaginal discs correlated for the first time the presence and behavior of filopodia with a known morphogen signaling protein - Decapentaplegic. Decapentaplegic is expressed in the wing disc by cells that function as a developmental organizer, and cytonemes that are responsive to Decapentaplegic orient toward this developmental organizer. Receptors for signaling proteins are present in motile vesicles in cytonemes, and receptors for different signaling proteins segregate specifically to different types of cytonemes. In Drosophila, cytonemes have been found in wing and eye imaginal discs, lymph glands and ovaries. They have also been described in spider embryos, earwig ovaries, Rhodnius, Calpodes, earthworms, retroviral-infected cells, mast cells, B-lymphocytes and neutrophils. Recent obserrvations suggest that cytonemes have also an important role during vertebrate development. During zebrafish gastrulation signaling filopodia are used to transport Wnt8a to pattern the neural plate.".
- Cytoneme wikiPageID "19045237".
- Cytoneme wikiPageLength "12771".
- Cytoneme wikiPageOutDegree "30".
- Cytoneme wikiPageRevisionID "674630994".
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Actin.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Antigen.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink B-lymphocytes.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink B_cell.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Cancer_metastasis.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cell_biology.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Cell_adhesion.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Cell_migration.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Cellular_projections.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Chemotaxis.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Decapentaplegic.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Delta-Notch.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Dendritic_cell.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Dendritic_cells.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Dictyostelium.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Drosophila.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Filopodia.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Filopodium.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Imaginal_disc.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Immune_system.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Invadopodia.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Macrophage.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Macrophages.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Mast_cell.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Mast_cells.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Membrane_nanotube.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Metastasis.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Morphogen.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Neuron.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Neurons.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Neutrophil_granulocyte.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Neutrophils.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Podosome.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Podosomes.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Pseudopodia.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Pseudopods.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Synapse.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Tunneling_nanotubes.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Vasculogenesis.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink Virus.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLink File:Cytoneme.tif.
- Cytoneme wikiPageWikiLinkText "cytoneme".
- Cytoneme hasPhotoCollection Cytoneme.
- Cytoneme wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Cytoneme subject Category:Cell_biology.
- Cytoneme hypernym Projections.
- Cytoneme type AnatomicalStructure.
- Cytoneme comment "Cytonemes are thin, cellular projections that are specialized for exchange of signaling proteins between cells. Cytonemes emanate from cells that make signaling proteins, extending directly to cells that receive signaling proteins. Cytonemes also extend directly from cells that receive signaling proteins to cells that make themA cytoneme is a type of filopodium - a thin, tubular extension of a cell’s plasma membrane that has a core composed of tightly bundled, parallel actin filaments.".
- Cytoneme label "Cytoneme".
- Cytoneme sameAs m.0kbgcp2.
- Cytoneme sameAs Q5201370.
- Cytoneme sameAs Q5201370.
- Cytoneme wasDerivedFrom Cytoneme?oldid=674630994.
- Cytoneme isPrimaryTopicOf Cytoneme.