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- Contact_immunity abstract "Contact immunity is the property of some vaccines, where a vaccinated individual can confer immunity upon unimmunized individuals through contact with bodily fluids or excrement. In other words, if Amelia has been vaccinated for virus X and Roberto has not, Roberto can receive immunity to virus X just by coming into contact with Amelia.The potential for contact immunity exists primarily in "live" or attenuated vaccines. Vaccination with a live, but attenuated, virus can produce immunity to more dangerous forms of the virus. These attenuated viruses produce little or no illness in most people. However, the live virus multiplies briefly, may be shed in body fluids or excrement, and can be contracted by another person. If this contact produces immunity and carries no notable risk, it benefits an additional person, and further increases the immunity of the group.The most prominent example of contact immunity was the oral polio vaccine (OPV). This live, attenuated polio vaccine was widely used in the US between 1960 and 1990; it continues to be used in polio eradication programs in developing countries because of its low cost and ease of administration. It is popular, in part, because it is capable of contact immunity. Recently immunized children "shed" live virus in their feces for a few days after immunization. About 25 percent of people coming into contact with someone immunized with OPV gained protection from polio through this form of contact immunity. Although contact immunity is an advantage of OPV, the risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis—affecting 1 child per 2.4 million OPV doses administered—led the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to cease recommending its use in the US as of January 1, 2010, in favor of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). The CDC continues to recommend OPV over IPV for global polio eradication activities.The main drawback of live virus–based vaccines is that a few people who are vaccinated or exposed to those who have been vaccinated may develop severe disease. Those with defective immune function are the most vulnerable. In the case of OPV, an average of eight to nine adults contracted paralytic polio from contact with a recently immunized child each year. As the risk of catching polio in the Western Hemisphere diminished, the risk of contact infection with the attenuated polio virus outweighed the advantages of OPV, leading the CDC to recommend its discontinuation.Contact immunity differs from herd immunity, a different type of group protection, in which risk for unimmunized individuals is reduced if they are surrounded by immunized individuals who are unlikely to contract, harbor, or transmit the disease.".
- Contact_immunity thumbnail Poliodrops.jpg?width=300.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageID "4134885".
- Contact_immunity wikiPageLength "4220".
- Contact_immunity wikiPageOutDegree "20".
- Contact_immunity wikiPageRevisionID "675189359".
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Attenuated_vaccine.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Body_fluid.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Epidemiology.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Immunology.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Poliomyelitis.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Vaccination.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Feces.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Herd_immunity.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Immunity_(medical).
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Immunization.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Immunodeficiency.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Polio.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Polio_eradication.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Polio_vaccine.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Poliomyelitis.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Poliomyelitis_eradication.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Vaccination.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Vaccine.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Vaccines.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink Virus.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLink File:Poliodrops.jpg.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLinkText "Contact immunity".
- Contact_immunity wikiPageWikiLinkText "contact immunity".
- Contact_immunity hasPhotoCollection Contact_immunity.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Distinguish.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Contact_immunity wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Treatment-stub.
- Contact_immunity subject Category:Epidemiology.
- Contact_immunity subject Category:Immunology.
- Contact_immunity subject Category:Poliomyelitis.
- Contact_immunity subject Category:Vaccination.
- Contact_immunity hypernym Property.
- Contact_immunity type Article.
- Contact_immunity type Building.
- Contact_immunity type Type.
- Contact_immunity type Article.
- Contact_immunity type Biostatistic.
- Contact_immunity type Field.
- Contact_immunity type Pediatric.
- Contact_immunity type Science.
- Contact_immunity type Specialty.
- Contact_immunity type Type.
- Contact_immunity type Thing.
- Contact_immunity comment "Contact immunity is the property of some vaccines, where a vaccinated individual can confer immunity upon unimmunized individuals through contact with bodily fluids or excrement. In other words, if Amelia has been vaccinated for virus X and Roberto has not, Roberto can receive immunity to virus X just by coming into contact with Amelia.The potential for contact immunity exists primarily in "live" or attenuated vaccines.".
- Contact_immunity label "Contact immunity".
- Contact_immunity differentFrom Herd_immunity.
- Contact_immunity sameAs m.0bk_b6.
- Contact_immunity sameAs Q5164833.
- Contact_immunity sameAs Q5164833.
- Contact_immunity wasDerivedFrom Contact_immunity?oldid=675189359.
- Contact_immunity depiction Poliodrops.jpg.
- Contact_immunity isPrimaryTopicOf Contact_immunity.