Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chinese_classifier> ?p ?o }
- Chinese_classifier abstract "The modern Chinese varieties make frequent use of what are called classifiers or measure words. One of the basic uses of classifiers is in phrases in which a noun is qualified by a numeral. When a phrase such as "one person" or "three books" is translated into Chinese, it is normally necessary to insert an appropriate classifier between the numeral and the noun. For example, in Standard Mandarin, the first of these phrases would be 一个人 yī ge rén, where yī means "one", rén means "person", and ge is the required classifier. There are also other grammatical contexts in which classifiers are used, including after the demonstratives 这 zhè ("this") and 那 nà ("that"); however, when a noun stands alone without any such qualifier, no classifier is needed. There are also variant uses of classifiers: for example, when placed after a noun rather than before it, or when repeated, a classifier signifies a plural or indefinite quantity.The terms "classifier" and "measure word" are frequently used interchangeably (as equivalent to the Chinese term 量词 (量詞) liàngcí, which literally means "measure word"). Sometimes, however, the two are distinguished, with classifier denoting a particle without any particular meaning of its own, as in the example above, and measure word denoting a word for a particular quantity or measurement of something, such as "drop", "cupful", or "liter". The latter type also includes certain words denoting lengths of time, units of currency, etc. These two types are alternatively called count-classifier and mass-classifier, since the first type can only meaningfully be used with count nouns, while the second is used particularly with mass nouns. However, the grammatical behavior of words of the two types is largely identical.Most nouns have one or more particular classifiers associated with them, often depending on the nature of the things they denote. For example, many nouns denoting flat objects such as tables, papers, beds, and benches use the classifier 张 (張) zhāng, whereas many long and thin objects use 条 (條) tiáo. The total number of classifiers in Chinese may be put at anywhere from a few dozen to several hundred, depending on how they are counted. The classifier 个 (個), pronounced gè or ge in Mandarin, apart from being the standard classifier for many nouns, also serves as a general classifier, which may often (but not always) be used in place of other classifiers; in informal and spoken language, native speakers tend to use this classifier far more than any other, even though they know which classifier is "correct" when asked. Mass-classifiers might be used with all sorts of nouns with which they make sense: for example, 盒 hé ("box") may be used to denote boxes of objects, such as lightbulbs or books, even though those nouns would be used with their own appropriate count-classifiers if being counted as individual objects. Researchers have differing views as to how classifier–noun pairings arise: some regard them as being based on innate semantic features of the noun (for example, all nouns denoting "long" objects take a certain classifier because of their inherent longness), while others see them as motivated more by analogy to prototypical pairings (for example, "dictionary" comes to take the same classifier as the more common word "book"). There is some variation in the pairings used, with speakers of different dialects often using different classifiers for the same item. Some linguists have proposed that the use of classifier phrases may be guided less by grammar and more by stylistic or pragmatic concerns on the part of a speaker who may be trying to foreground new or important information.Many other languages of the Mainland Southeast Asia linguistic area exhibit similar classifier systems, leading to speculation about the origins of the Chinese system. Ancient classifier-like constructions, which used a repeated noun rather than a special classifier, are attested in Old Chinese as early as 1400 BCE, but true classifiers did not appear in these phrases until much later. Originally, classifiers and numbers came after the noun rather than before, and probably moved before the noun sometime after 500 BCE. The use of classifiers did not become a mandatory part of Chinese grammar until around 1100 CE. Some nouns became associated with specific classifiers earlier than others, the earliest probably being nouns that signified culturally valued items such as horses and poems. Many words that are classifiers today started out as full nouns; in some cases their meanings have been gradually bleached away so that they are now used only as classifiers.".
- Chinese_classifier thumbnail Unicode4E2A.svg?width=300.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageExternalLink chinese-measure-words.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageExternalLink ref_measure_words.htm.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageExternalLink units.php.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageID "304719".
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageLength "77252".
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageOutDegree "113".
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageRevisionID "681535606".
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Adjective.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Animacy.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Aphasia.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Association_(psychology).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Bamboo.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Bound_morpheme.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Bound_morphemes.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Burmese_numerical_classifiers.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Camel.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Cantonese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Categories_(Aristotle).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Category:Chinese_grammar.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Category:Parts_of_speech.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink China.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Chinese_grammar.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Chinese_yuan.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Classical_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Classifier_(linguistics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Collective_noun.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Common_Era.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Count_noun.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Demonstrative.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Discourse.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Donkey.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Draft_Plan_for_a_System_of_Teaching_Chinese_Grammar.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Dungan_language.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Etymology.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Focus_(linguistics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Grammatical_modifier.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Grammaticalization.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Hakka_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Han_Dynasty.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Han_dynasty.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Historical_linguistics.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Homophony.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink James_Tai.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Japanese_counter_word.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Jin_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Joseph_Greenberg.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Korean_count_word.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Korean_counter_word.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Language_contact.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Lexical_category.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Li_Jinxi.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Linguistic_typology.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink List_of_Chinese_classifiers.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink List_of_placeholder_names_by_language.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Loanword.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Lü_Shuxiang.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Ma_Jianzhong.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Mainland_Southeast_Asia_linguistic_area.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Mandarin_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Mary_Erbaugh.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Mas_Basic_Principles_for_Writing_Clearly.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Mass_noun.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Measure_word.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Middle_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Min_Bei.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Modifier_(linguistics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Mule.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Northern_Min.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Noun.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Noun_phrase.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Numeral_(linguistics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Old_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Oracle_bone_script.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Part_of_speech.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Peoples_Republic_of_China.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Pragmatics.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Pragmatics_(linguistics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Prototype_theory.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Qin_Dynasty.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Qin_dynasty.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Quantifier_(linguistics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Reduplication.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Relative_clause.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Renminbi.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Salience_(language).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Salience_(semiotics).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Sandra_A._Thompson.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Sandra_Thompson_(linguist).
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Semantic_bleaching.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Semantics.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Shanghainese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Simplified_Chinese_character.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Simplified_Chinese_characters.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Southern_and_Northern_Dynasties.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Standard_Cantonese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Standard_Chinese.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Standard_Mandarin.
- Chinese_classifier wikiPageWikiLink Syntax.