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- Chal abstract "Chal, or shubat (Kazakh: шұбат [ʃʊbɑ́t]), is a Turkic (especially Turkmen and Kazakh) beverage of fermented camel milk, sparkling white with a sour flavor, popular in Central Asia — particularly in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. In Kazakhstan the drink is known as shubat, and is a staple summer food. Due to preparation requirements and perishable nature, chal has proved difficult to export. Agaran (fermented cream) is collected from the surface of chal.Fermented chal is reputed to possess virucidal and virus inhibiting properties not found in fresh camel or cow milk, both in its liquid and lyophilized form — a characteristic which is (reputedly) unaffected by shelf life.Chal is typically prepared by first souring camel milk in a skin bag or ceramic jar by adding previously soured milk. For 3–4 days, fresh milk is mixed in; the matured chal will consist of one third to one fifth previously soured milk.Camel milk will not sour for up to 72 hours at temperatures below 10 °C (50 °F). At 30 °C (86 °F) the milk sours in approximately 8 hours (compared to cow's milk, which sours within 3 hours).A comparison of the composition of camel milk and camel chal:Dornic acidic degrees are used to describe acidity in milk products, with 1 Dornic degree (1°D) is equal to 0.1g of lactic acid per liter. The chal contained Lactobacilli lactic; streptococci and yeast.Chal may be cultured with lactobacillus casei, streptococcus thermophilus and lactose-fermenting yeasts incubating in inoculated milk for 8 hours at 25 °C (77 °F), and then subsequently for 16 hours at 20 °C (68 °F). Holder pasteurization does not affect the quality of the milk, but pasteurization at higher temperatures ( 85 °C/185 °F) for 5 minutes negatively impacts flavour. Chal made from pure cultures of lactobacillus casei, streptococcus thermophilus and species of torula has markedly less not-fat solids and lactose than the milk from which it is made.".
- Chal alias "Shubat".
- Chal country Kazakhstan.
- Chal country Turkmenistan.
- Chal ingredient Camel_milk.
- Chal ingredientName "Camel milk".
- Chal thumbnail Shubat_vs_Kumis.jpg?width=300.
- Chal wikiPageExternalLink nzdl;jsessionid=3373D1F2BB80999BC21D600A4A7E6D54?a=d&c=hdl&d=HASH01a561fe8c8ed1299b760e82.11&sib=1.
- Chal wikiPageExternalLink fl9781586034733.pdf.
- Chal wikiPageExternalLink S0022-0302(07)72606-1.
- Chal wikiPageExternalLink eav102502.shtml.
- Chal wikiPageID "10505668".
- Chal wikiPageLength "7274".
- Chal wikiPageOutDegree "29".
- Chal wikiPageRevisionID "670160107".
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Ayran.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Camel_milk.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Camel_products.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Central_Asian_cuisine.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Fermented_beverages.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Kazakhstani_cuisine.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Turkish_cuisine.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Turkish_words_and_phrases.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Turkmenistan_cuisine.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Category:Yogurt-based_beverages.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Central_Asia.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Cuisine_of_Kazakhstan.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Fermentation_(food).
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Fermentation_in_food_processing.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Kazakh_cuisine.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Kazakhs.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Kazakhstan.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Kumis.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Lactobacillus.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Liquid.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink List_of_yogurt-based_dishes_and_beverages.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Pasteurization.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Streptococcus.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Turkic_people.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Turkic_peoples.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Turkmen_people.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Turkmenistan.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Turkmens.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink Yeast.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLink File:Shubat_vs_Kumis.jpg.
- Chal wikiPageWikiLinkText "Chal".
- Chal wikiPageWikiLinkText "chal".
- Chal alternateName "Shubat".
- Chal caption "Bowls of shubat , beverage of fermented camel milk, and kumis , beverage made from fermented mare's milk".
- Chal country "Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan".
- Chal hasPhotoCollection Chal.
- Chal mainIngredient Camel_milk.
- Chal name "Chal".
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:About.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_journal.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:IPA-kk.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_prepared_food.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Lang-kk.
- Chal wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Chal subject Category:Camel_products.
- Chal subject Category:Central_Asian_cuisine.
- Chal subject Category:Fermented_beverages.
- Chal subject Category:Kazakhstani_cuisine.
- Chal subject Category:Turkish_cuisine.
- Chal subject Category:Turkish_words_and_phrases.
- Chal subject Category:Turkmenistan_cuisine.
- Chal subject Category:Yogurt-based_beverages.
- Chal hypernym Beverage.
- Chal type Article.
- Chal type Beverage.
- Chal type Food.
- Chal type Article.
- Chal type Food.
- Chal type FunctionalSubstance.
- Chal type Thing.
- Chal type Q2095.
- Chal comment "Chal, or shubat (Kazakh: шұбат [ʃʊbɑ́t]), is a Turkic (especially Turkmen and Kazakh) beverage of fermented camel milk, sparkling white with a sour flavor, popular in Central Asia — particularly in Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. In Kazakhstan the drink is known as shubat, and is a staple summer food. Due to preparation requirements and perishable nature, chal has proved difficult to export.".
- Chal label "Chal".
- Chal sameAs Chal.
- Chal sameAs Шұбат.
- Chal sameAs 찰.
- Chal sameAs Chal_(bebida).
- Chal sameAs m.02qg4dj.
- Chal sameAs Шубат.
- Chal sameAs Чал.
- Chal sameAs Chal.
- Chal sameAs Q1045836.
- Chal sameAs Q1045836.
- Chal wasDerivedFrom Chal?oldid=670160107.
- Chal depiction Shubat_vs_Kumis.jpg.
- Chal isPrimaryTopicOf Chal.
- Chal name "Chal".