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- Bilateral_trade abstract "Bilateral trade or clearing trade is trade exclusively between two states, particularly, barter trade based on bilateral deals between governments, and without using hard currency for payment. Bilateral trade agreements often aim to keep trade deficits at minimum by keeping a clearing account where deficit would accumulate. The Soviet Union conducted bilateral trade with two nations, India and Finland. On the Soviet side, the trade was nationalized, but on the other side, also private capitalists negotiated deals. Relationships with politicians in charge of foreign policy were especially important for such businessmen. The framework limited the traded goods to those manufactured domestically and as such, constituted a subsidy to domestic industry.Bilateral trade was highly popular within Finnish business circles, as it allowed the commission of very large orders, additionally with less stringent requirements for sophistication or quality, if compared to Western markets. The Soviet side was motivated to participate in clearing trade because the arrangement essentially provided cheap credit. The option was to sell obligations to the international market, and pay interest in hard currency. Capital, such as icebreakers, train carriages or consumer goods, could be obtained from Finland, and the cost would simply become clearing account deficit, eventually to be paid back as e.g. crude oil, or as orders such as nuclear power plants (Loviisa I and II).Clearing trade was at its busiest up to the 1970s, but began to lose its momentum in the 1980s. In the last of its years, the Soviet Union's debt began accumulating on an alarming rate into clearing accounts. As a result, the Soviet Union started to pay the deficits with oil, a good with little value added and easily exchangeable to hard currency, which militated against the principle of bilateral trade. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union, this form of trade has mostly disappeared. Bilateral trade is a manifestation of bilateralism; in contrast, multilateralism and in particular multilateral trade agreements became more important.Strategic goods, such as nuclear technology, are still traded bilaterally rather than in a multilateral open market.".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageExternalLink 73091.pdf.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageID "9071038".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageLength "2907".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageOutDegree "20".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageRevisionID "541481601".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Barter.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Barter_trade.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Bilateral_trade_agreement.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Bilateralism.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Category:Bilateral_relations.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Category:Foreign_relations.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Category:International_trade.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Consumer_good.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Credit_(finance).
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Crude_oil.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Final_good.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Finland.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Hard_currency.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Icebreaker.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink India.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Loviisa_Nuclear_Power_Plant.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_power_plant.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_technology.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Passenger_car_(rail).
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Petroleum.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Soviet_Union.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Trade_agreement.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Train_carriage.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLink Value_added.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "Bilateral trade".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "bilateral trade a".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "bilateral trade disputes".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "bilateral trade".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "bilateral trading".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "bilateral".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "trade privileges".
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageWikiLinkText "trade".
- Bilateral_trade hasPhotoCollection Bilateral_trade.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:No_footnotes.
- Bilateral_trade wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Other_uses2.
- Bilateral_trade subject Category:Bilateral_relations.
- Bilateral_trade subject Category:Foreign_relations.
- Bilateral_trade subject Category:International_trade.
- Bilateral_trade hypernym Trade.
- Bilateral_trade type Article.
- Bilateral_trade type Convention.
- Bilateral_trade type Article.
- Bilateral_trade type Relation.
- Bilateral_trade comment "Bilateral trade or clearing trade is trade exclusively between two states, particularly, barter trade based on bilateral deals between governments, and without using hard currency for payment. Bilateral trade agreements often aim to keep trade deficits at minimum by keeping a clearing account where deficit would accumulate. The Soviet Union conducted bilateral trade with two nations, India and Finland.".
- Bilateral_trade label "Bilateral trade".
- Bilateral_trade sameAs تجارت_دوجانبه.
- Bilateral_trade sameAs Bilateraalikauppa.
- Bilateral_trade sameAs m.0466q58.
- Bilateral_trade sameAs Валютный_клиринг.
- Bilateral_trade sameAs Q256330.
- Bilateral_trade sameAs Q256330.
- Bilateral_trade sameAs 雙邊貿易.
- Bilateral_trade wasDerivedFrom Bilateral_trade?oldid=541481601.
- Bilateral_trade isPrimaryTopicOf Bilateral_trade.